Injuries of the Scapholunate Interosseous Ligament: An Update.

The scapholunate ligament is both a key ligament in the stability of the carpus and one of the most frequently injured. Thorough understanding of the anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology of the wrist is important in treating injuries to the scapholunate ligament. The presentation of scapholunate instability often includes a vague injury history and pain with grip, wrist extension, and sport or labor. Identified injuries are classified based on dynamic and static radiographic findings, chronicity, and the presence or absence of arthrosis. Surgical options for the treatment of low- and high-grade injuries include both open and arthroscopic procedures and can be broadly classified into four categories: limited arthroscopic procedures, primary ligament repair, reconstructive procedures, and salvage procedures. No strong evidence currently supports any one treatment. Decision making is largely based on expert opinion and surgeon experience. Prognosis is often guarded, and patient expectations should be tempered. Copyright 2015 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.