CONTEXT: Metabolic syndrome is likely influenced by a complex interaction between exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and diet, but no studies have evaluated this relationship. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the interaction between diet and exposure to SHS on metabolic syndrome among 12-19 year olds. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: We used weighted logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders, to examine interaction of these risk factors on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among 12-19 year olds participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2010). Interaction was assessed by introducing product terms between SHS (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol, cotinine, and self-report) and the individual nutrients (dietary fiber, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, vitamin C, and vitamin E) and nutrient patterns in separate models; the relative excess risk due to interaction was used to evaluate interaction on the additive scale. RESULTS: The joint effect between high exposure to SHS and low levels of certain nutrients (vitamin E and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) on metabolic syndrome risk was greater than would be expected from the effects of the individual exposures alone (for example, relative excess risk due to interaction for SHS and vitamin E = 7.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.5-17.8). CONCLUSIONS: Prevention strategies for metabolic syndrome aimed at reducing SHS exposures and improving diet quality may exceed the expected benefits based on targeting these risk factors separately.
CONTEXT: Metabolic syndrome is likely influenced by a complex interaction between exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and diet, but no studies have evaluated this relationship. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the interaction between diet and exposure to SHS on metabolic syndrome among 12-19 year olds. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: We used weighted logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders, to examine interaction of these risk factors on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among 12-19 year olds participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2010). Interaction was assessed by introducing product terms between SHS (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol, cotinine, and self-report) and the individual nutrients (dietary fiber, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, vitamin C, and vitamin E) and nutrient patterns in separate models; the relative excess risk due to interaction was used to evaluate interaction on the additive scale. RESULTS: The joint effect between high exposure to SHS and low levels of certain nutrients (vitamin E and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) on metabolic syndrome risk was greater than would be expected from the effects of the individual exposures alone (for example, relative excess risk due to interaction for SHS and vitamin E = 7.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.5-17.8). CONCLUSIONS: Prevention strategies for metabolic syndrome aimed at reducing SHS exposures and improving diet quality may exceed the expected benefits based on targeting these risk factors separately.
Authors: Emelia J Benjamin; Michael J Blaha; Stephanie E Chiuve; Mary Cushman; Sandeep R Das; Rajat Deo; Sarah D de Ferranti; James Floyd; Myriam Fornage; Cathleen Gillespie; Carmen R Isasi; Monik C Jiménez; Lori Chaffin Jordan; Suzanne E Judd; Daniel Lackland; Judith H Lichtman; Lynda Lisabeth; Simin Liu; Chris T Longenecker; Rachel H Mackey; Kunihiro Matsushita; Dariush Mozaffarian; Michael E Mussolino; Khurram Nasir; Robert W Neumar; Latha Palaniappan; Dilip K Pandey; Ravi R Thiagarajan; Mathew J Reeves; Matthew Ritchey; Carlos J Rodriguez; Gregory A Roth; Wayne D Rosamond; Comilla Sasson; Amytis Towfighi; Connie W Tsao; Melanie B Turner; Salim S Virani; Jenifer H Voeks; Joshua Z Willey; John T Wilkins; Jason Hy Wu; Heather M Alger; Sally S Wong; Paul Muntner Journal: Circulation Date: 2017-01-25 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Jeremy E Drehmer; Emara Nabi-Burza; Bethany Hipple Walters; Deborah J Ossip; Douglas E Levy; Nancy A Rigotti; Jonathan D Klein; Jonathan P Winickoff Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2019-03-11 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Markus Braun; Doris Klingelhöfer; Gerhard M Oremek; David Quarcoo; David A Groneberg Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-05-05 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Sònia Torres; Carla Merino; Beatrix Paton; Xavier Correig; Noelia Ramírez Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2018-11-29 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Brianna F Moore; Lesley M Butler; Annette M Bachand; Agus Salim; Stephen J Reynolds; Renwei Wang; Tracy L Nelson; Jennifer L Peel; Sharon E Murphy; Woon-Puay Koh; Jian-Min Yuan; Maggie L Clark Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2019-12-17 Impact factor: 3.390