Michael A Russell1, Timothy W Smith2, Joshua M Smyth3. 1. The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. 2. The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 3. Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, #231 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. Smyth@psu.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anger expression styles are associated with physical health, and may affect health by modulating anger experience in daily life. Research examining this process in the daily lives of clinically relevant populations, such as patients with chronic disease, is needed. METHOD: Community adults with asthma (N = 97) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA; N = 31) completed measures of trait-level anger expression styles (anger-in and anger-out), followed by ecological momentary assessments of anger and physical health five times daily for 7 days. RESULTS: High anger-in predicted greater momentary anger, physical limitations, and greater asthma symptoms. High anger-out predicted reduced RA symptoms. Momentary anger was robustly associated with more severe symptoms in daily life. Three-way interactions showed that anger-in moderated these momentary anger-symptom associations more consistently in men. CONCLUSIONS: Anger expression styles, particularly anger-in, may affect the day-to-day adjustment of patients with chronic disease in part by altering the dimensions of everyday anger experience, in ways that appear to differ by gender.
BACKGROUND: Anger expression styles are associated with physical health, and may affect health by modulating anger experience in daily life. Research examining this process in the daily lives of clinically relevant populations, such as patients with chronic disease, is needed. METHOD: Community adults with asthma (N = 97) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA; N = 31) completed measures of trait-level anger expression styles (anger-in and anger-out), followed by ecological momentary assessments of anger and physical health five times daily for 7 days. RESULTS: High anger-in predicted greater momentary anger, physical limitations, and greater asthma symptoms. High anger-out predicted reduced RA symptoms. Momentary anger was robustly associated with more severe symptoms in daily life. Three-way interactions showed that anger-in moderated these momentary anger-symptom associations more consistently in men. CONCLUSIONS: Anger expression styles, particularly anger-in, may affect the day-to-day adjustment of patients with chronic disease in part by altering the dimensions of everyday anger experience, in ways that appear to differ by gender.
Authors: John W Burns; James I Gerhart; Stephen Bruehl; Kristina M Peterson; David A Smith; Laura S Porter; Erik Schuster; Ellen Kinner; Asokumar Buvanendran; Anne Marie Fras; Francis J Keefe Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2014-08-11 Impact factor: 4.267
Authors: Ernest Harburg; Mara Julius; Niko Kaciroti; Lillian Gleiberman; M Anthony Schork Journal: Psychosom Med Date: 2003 Jul-Aug Impact factor: 4.312