Effects of Temperature on the Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table of Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae).

The demographics of Bradysia odoriphaga were examined with an age-stage, two-sex life table that was developed at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C under controlled conditions. The intrinsic rate of increase and mean generation time were 0.0574 and 48.08 d at 15°C, 0.1175 and 30.09 d at 20°C, 0.1369 and 26.31 d at 25°C, and 0.1247 and 26.55 d at 30°C, respectively. The gross reproductive rate (GRR), the net reproductive rate (R0), and the pre-adult survivorship (la) were consistent with the relationship R0<la×GRR<GRR. Development was slower at 15°C than at the other temperatures. The mean duration of the total pre-adult stages was 38.01, 27.62, 23.74, and 24.10 d at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C, respectively. The highest values for the intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, and fecundity (0.1369 d(-1), 1.147 d(-1), and 50.53 eggs, respectively) and the shortest mean generation time were at 25°C. Still, B. odoriphaga was able to develop, survive, and reproduce across the entire temperature range (15-30°C). This study provides insight into the temperature-dependent phenology of B. odoriphaga and will contribute to the modeling of its population dynamics and to its management in the field.