| Literature DB >> 26465667 |
Samir Pereira1, Maria Paula Curado2, Ana Maria Quinteiro Ribeiro1.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the trend for malignant skin neoplasms in subjects under 40 years of age in a region with high ultraviolet radiation indices.METHODS A descriptive epidemiological study on melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers that was conducted in Goiania, Midwest Brazil, with 1,688 people under 40 years of age, between 1988 and 2009. Cases were obtained fromRegistro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia(Goiania's Population-Based Cancer File). Frequency, trends, and incidence of cases with single and multiple lesions were analyzed; transplants and genetic skin diseases were found in cases with multiple lesions.RESULTS Over the period, 1,995 skin cancer cases were observed to found, of which 1,524 (90.3%) cases had single lesions and 164 (9.7%) had multiple lesions. Regarding single lesions, incidence on men was observed to have risen from 2.4 to 3.1/100,000 inhabitants; it differed significantly for women, shifting from 2.3 to 5.3/100,000 (Annual percentage change - [APC] 3.0%, p = 0.006). Regarding multiple lesions, incidence on men was observed to have risen from 0.30 to 0.98/100,000 inhabitants; for women, it rose from 0.43 to 1.16/100,000 (APC 8.6%, p = 0.003). Genetic skin diseases or transplants were found to have been correlated with 10.0% of cases with multiple lesions - an average of 5.1 lesions per patient. The average was 2.5 in cases without that correlation.CONCLUSIONS Skin cancer on women under 40 years of age has been observed to be increasing for both cases with single and multiple lesions. It is not unusual to find multiple tumors in young people - in most cases, they are not associated with genetic skin diseases or transplants. It is necessary to avoid excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation from childhood.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2015 PMID: 26465667 PMCID: PMC4587818 DOI: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005777
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Saude Publica ISSN: 0034-8910 Impact factor: 2.106
Distribution of skin cancer types per gender according to the number of lesions per patient. Goiania, GO, Midwestern Brazil, 1988-2009.
| Morphology | Gender | Lesions | p* | RR | 95%CI | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single | Multiple | Total | ||||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | |||||
| BCC | Male | 483 | 39.9 | 187 | 46.5 | 670 | 41.5 | 0.02 | 0.93 | 0.88;0.99 |
| Female | 729 | 60.1 | 215 | 53.5 | 944 | 58.5 | ||||
| SCC | Male | 76 | 45.8 | 32 | 57.1 | 108 | 48.6 | 0.19 | 0.89 | 0.76;1.0 |
| Female | 90 | 54.2 | 24 | 42.9 | 114 | 51.4 | ||||
| SM | Male | 55 | 37.7 | 3 | 23.1 | 58 | 36.5 | 0.45 | 1 | 0.96;1.15 |
| Female | 91 | 62.3 | 10 | 76.9 | 101 | 63.5 | ||||
BCC: basal cell carcinoma; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma; SM: skin melanoma
Chi-square test.
Distribution of skin cancers according to topography, gender, and number of lesions. Goiania, GO, Midwestern Brazil, 1988-2009.
| Topography | BCCa
| p | SCCa
| p | SMb
| p | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single | Multiple | Single | Multiple | Single | Multiple | ||||||||||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | ||||
| HN | 326 | 537 | 118 | 129 | 0.01 | 50 | 59 | 26 | 12 | 0.03 | 7 | 12 | 0 | 5 | 0.27 |
| Face | 293 | 501 | 95 | 110 | 0.02 | 44 | 57 | 23 | 12 | 0.04 | 5 | 7 | 0 | 5 | 0.24 |
| Neck | 22 | 25 | 22 | 17 | 0.5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0.77 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | – |
| SA | 11 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 0.94 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Trunk | 73 | 100 | 42 | 44 | 0.38 | 7 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 0.41 | 25 | 26 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Back | 27 | 44 | 22 | 17 | 0.1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Thorax | 45 | 54 | 19 | 26 | 0.85 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0.4 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Abdomen | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.57 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0.54 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | – |
| UULL | 39 | 42 | 25 | 39 | 0.35 | 7 | 11 | 2 | 9 | 0.44 | 9 | 13 | 0 | 3 | 0.28 |
| LLLL | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0.82 | 9 | 33 | 1 | 1 | 0.41 |
| WOS | 43 | 47 | 0 | 0 | – | 6 | 5 | 0 | 0 | – | 5 | 7 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Total | 484 | 728 | 187 | 215 | – | 76 | 90 | 32 | 24 | – | 55 | 91 | 3 | 10 | – |
BCC: basal cell carcinoma; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma; SM: skin melanoma; SA: scalp area; HN: head and neck; UULL: upper limbs; LLLL: lower limbs; WOS: with no other specification
Chi-Squared Test.
Fisher’s Test.
FigureWorld age-standardized rates of patients under 40 years of age with single and multiple skin cancer lesions per gender. Goiania, GO, Midwestern Brazil, 1988-2009.
Distribution of patients with multiple lesions per gender, average age at first lesion, morphological type, and lesions per patient. Goiania, GO, Midwestern Brazil, 1988-2009.
| Multiple lesions | Gender | Average age at first lesion | Number of lesions | Lesions/patient | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BCC | SCC | SM | ||||||||||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | n | % | n | % | n | % | Male | Female | |
| With risk factors | 10 | 7 | 30.9 | 26.1 | 64 | 73.6 | 20 | 23.0 | 3 | 3.4 | 5 | 5.3 |
| Albinism | 5 | 3 | 28.2 | 27.7 | 30 | 76.9 | 9 | 23.1 | 0 | 0 | 3.4 | 7.3 |
| XP | 2 | 3 | 30.5 | 42.7 | 8 | 44.4 | 7 | 3.9 | 3 | 16.7 | 1.7 | 4.3 |
| BCNS | 2 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 24 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| EPV | 0 | 1 | 0 | 26 | 1 | 50.0 | 1 | 50.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| TX | 1 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 1 | 25.0 | 3 | 75.0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Without these risk factors | 62 | 84 | 33.9 | 32.3 | 336 | 88.0 | 36 | 9.4 | 10 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.5 |
| All | 72 | 91 | 33.5 | 31.8 | 400 | 85.3 | 56 | 11.9 | 13 | 2.8 | 3 | 2.7 |
BCC: basal cell carcinoma; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma; SM: skin melanoma; XP: xeroderma pigmentosum; BCNS: basal-cell nevus syndrome; EPV: epidermodysplasia verruciformis; TX: transplant.
Tovo LFR, Festa Neto C, Castro CVB, Sampaio SAP. Carcinoma basocelular. Rio de Janeiro (RJ): Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia; 2002 [cited 2014 May 6]. (AMB Projeto Diretrizes). Available from: http://www.projetodiretrizes.org.br/projeto_diretrizes/028.pdf
Distribuição dos tipos de câncer de pele de acordo com o sexo pelo número de lesões por paciente. Goiânia, GO, Brasil, 1988-2009.
| Morfologia | Sexo | Lesões | p* | RR | IC95% | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Únicas | Múltiplas | Total | ||||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | |||||
| CBC | Masc | 483 | 39,9 | 187 | 46,5 | 670 | 41,5 | 0,02 | 0,93 | 0,88;0,99 |
| Fem | 729 | 60,1 | 215 | 53,5 | 944 | 58,5 | ||||
| CEC | Masc | 76 | 45,8 | 32 | 57,1 | 108 | 48,6 | 0,19 | 0,89 | 0,76;1,0 |
| Fem | 90 | 54,2 | 24 | 42,9 | 114 | 51,4 | ||||
| MC | Masc | 55 | 37,7 | 3 | 23,1 | 58 | 36,5 | 0,45 | 1 | 0,96;1,15 |
| Fem | 91 | 62,3 | 10 | 76,9 | 101 | 63,5 | ||||
CBC: carcinoma basocelular; CEC: carcinoma espinocelular; MC: melanoma cutâneo; Masc: masculino; Fem: feminino
Teste Qui-quadrado.
Distribuição dos cânceres de pele segundo topografia, sexo e número de lesões. Goiânia, GO, Brasil, 1988-2009.
| Topografia | CBCa
| p | CECa
| p | MCb
| p | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Únicas | Múltiplas | Únicas | Múltiplas | Únicas | Múltiplas | ||||||||||
| Masc | Fem | Masc | Fem | Masc | Fem | Masc | Fem | Masc | Fem | Masc | Fem | ||||
| CP | 326 | 537 | 118 | 129 | 0,01 | 50 | 59 | 26 | 12 | 0,03 | 7 | 12 | 0 | 5 | 0,27 |
| Face | 293 | 501 | 95 | 110 | 0,02 | 44 | 57 | 23 | 12 | 0,04 | 5 | 7 | 0 | 5 | 0,24 |
| Pescoço | 22 | 25 | 22 | 17 | 0,5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0,77 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | – |
| CC | 11 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 0,94 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Tronco | 73 | 100 | 42 | 44 | 0,38 | 7 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 0,41 | 25 | 26 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Dorso | 27 | 44 | 22 | 17 | 0,1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tórax | 45 | 54 | 19 | 26 | 0,85 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0,4 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Abdome | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0,57 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0,54 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | – |
| MMSS | 39 | 42 | 25 | 39 | 0,35 | 7 | 11 | 2 | 9 | 0,44 | 9 | 13 | 0 | 3 | 0,28 |
| MMII | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0,82 | 9 | 33 | 1 | 1 | 0,41 |
| SOE | 43 | 47 | 0 | 0 | – | 6 | 5 | 0 | 0 | – | 5 | 7 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Total | 484 | 728 | 187 | 215 | – | 76 | 90 | 32 | 24 | – | 55 | 91 | 3 | 10 | – |
CBC: carcinoma basocelular; CEC: carcinoma espinocelular; MC: melanoma cutâneo; Masc: masculino; Fem: feminino; CC: couro cabeludo; CP: cabeça e pescoço; MMSS: membros superiores; MMII: membros inferiores; SOE: sem outra especificação
Teste Qui-quadrado.
Teste de Fisher.
FiguraTaxa de incidência padronizada por idade de pacientes com lesões únicas e múltiplas de câncer de pele pelo sexo em indivíduos com menos de 40 anos. Goiânia, GO, Brasil, 1988-2009.
Distribuição dos pacientes com lesões múltiplas segundo sexo, média de idade da primeira lesão, tipo morfológico e lesões por paciente. Goiânia, GO, Brasil, 1988-2009.
| Lesões múltiplas | Sexo | Idade média à primeira lesão | Número de lesões | Lesões/paciente | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CBC | CEC | MC | ||||||||||
| Masc | Fem | Masc | Fem | n | % | n | % | n | % | Masc | Fem | |
| Com fatores de risco | 10 | 7 | 30,9 | 26,1 | 64 | 73,6 | 20 | 23,0 | 3 | 3,4 | 5 | 5,3 |
| Albinismo | 5 | 3 | 28,2 | 27,7 | 30 | 76,9 | 9 | 23,1 | 0 | 0 | 3,4 | 7,3 |
| XP | 2 | 3 | 30,5 | 42,7 | 8 | 44,4 | 7 | 3,9 | 3 | 16,7 | 1,7 | 4,3 |
| SNB | 2 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 24 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| EPD | 0 | 1 | 0 | 26 | 1 | 50,0 | 1 | 50,0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| TX | 1 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 1 | 25,0 | 3 | 75,0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Sem esses fatores de risco | 62 | 84 | 33,9 | 32,3 | 336 | 88,0 | 36 | 9,4 | 10 | 2,6 | 2,7 | 2,5 |
| Todos | 72 | 91 | 33,5 | 31,8 | 400 | 85,3 | 56 | 11,9 | 13 | 2,8 | 3 | 2,7 |
CBC: carcinoma basocelular; CEC: carcinoma espinocelular; MC: melanoma cutâneo; Masc: masculino; Fem: feminino; XP: xeroderma pigmentoso; SNB: síndrome do nevobasocelular; EPV: epidermiodisplasia verruciforme; TX: transplante
Tovo LFR, Festa Neto C, Castro CVB, Sampaio SAP. Carcinoma basocelular. Rio de Janeiro: Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia; 2002 [citado 2014 mai 6]. (AMB Projeto Diretrizes). Disponível em: http://www.projetodiretrizes.org.br/projeto_diretrizes/028.pdf