Daniel La Parra Casado1, Diana Gil González2,3, María de la Torre Esteve4. 1. a Department of Sociology II , Interuniversity Institute of Social Development and Peace (WHO Collaborating Centre on Social Inclusion and Health), University of Alicante , Alicante , Spain. 2. b Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science , University of Alicante , Alicante , Spain. 3. c CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , Madrid , Spain. 4. d Department of Health Psychology , University Miguel Hernández. Elche , Alicante , Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the social class gradient in health in general Spain population and the health status of the Spanish Roma. DESIGN: The National Health Survey of Spanish Roma 2006 (sample size = 993 people; average age: 33.6 years; 53.1% women) and the National Health Surveys for Spain 2003 (sample size: 21,650 people; average age: 45.5 years; 51.2% women) and 2006 (sample size: 29,478 people; average age: 46 years; 50.7% women) are compared. Several indicators were chosen: self-perceived health, activity limitation, chronic diseases, hearing and sight problems, caries, and obesity. Analysis was based on age-standardised rates and logistic regression models. RESULTS: According to most indicators, Roma's health is worse than that of social class IV-V (manual workers). Some indicators show a remarkable difference between Roma and social class IV-V: experiencing three or more health problems, sight problems, and caries, in both sexes, and hearing problems and obesity, in women. CONCLUSION: Roma people are placed on an extreme position on the social gradient in health, a situation of extreme health inequality.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the social class gradient in health in general Spain population and the health status of the Spanish Roma. DESIGN: The National Health Survey of Spanish Roma 2006 (sample size = 993 people; average age: 33.6 years; 53.1% women) and the National Health Surveys for Spain 2003 (sample size: 21,650 people; average age: 45.5 years; 51.2% women) and 2006 (sample size: 29,478 people; average age: 46 years; 50.7% women) are compared. Several indicators were chosen: self-perceived health, activity limitation, chronic diseases, hearing and sight problems, caries, and obesity. Analysis was based on age-standardised rates and logistic regression models. RESULTS: According to most indicators, Roma's health is worse than that of social class IV-V (manual workers). Some indicators show a remarkable difference between Roma and social class IV-V: experiencing three or more health problems, sight problems, and caries, in both sexes, and hearing problems and obesity, in women. CONCLUSION:Roma people are placed on an extreme position on the social gradient in health, a situation of extreme health inequality.
Entities:
Keywords:
Roma; Spain; ethnicity; health inequalities; social class
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