Laura Segalà1, Georgi Vasilev2, Ivaylo Raynov2, Raul Gonzalez3, Jasmin Vassileva4. 1. a Department of Neurology , University of Miami , Miami , Florida , USA. 2. b Bulgarian Addictions Institute , Sofia , Bulgaria. 3. c Department of Psychology , Florida International University , Miami , Florida , USA. 4. d Department of Psychiatry , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Heroin dependence is associated with deficits in impulsivity, which is also a core feature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to explore the association between childhood ADHD symptoms and cognitive and motor impulsivity among abstinent individuals with a history of heroin dependence. METHODS: Thirty-two abstinent Bulgarian males with a history of heroin dependence participated in the study. Self-rated childhood ADHD symptoms were obtained using the Wender-Utah Rating Scale. Cognitive impulsivity was measured using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), an index of impulsive decision making, and the Delayed Reward Discounting Task (DRDT), a measure of intertemporal choice. Motor impulsivity was indexed with the Stop Signal Task (SST), a measure of response inhibition. RESULTS: Participants, whose average age was 27.66 years (SD = 2.7), had an average ADHD symptom score of 36.6 (SD = 18.6), had roughly 7 years (SD = 2.9) of heroin use, and had been abstinent for just over a year (M = 402.5 days, SD = 223.8). Linear regression analyses revealed that self-reported ADHD symptoms predicted impulsive decision making (IGT), but not delayed discounting (DRDT) or response inhibition (SST). CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported childhood ADHD symptoms do not uniformly predict impulsivity among abstinent individuals with heroin dependence. Results suggest the IGT may be more sensitive to externalizing psychopathology among individuals with heroin dependence than other measures of impulsivity.
OBJECTIVE:Heroin dependence is associated with deficits in impulsivity, which is also a core feature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to explore the association between childhood ADHD symptoms and cognitive and motor impulsivity among abstinent individuals with a history of heroin dependence. METHODS: Thirty-two abstinent Bulgarian males with a history of heroin dependence participated in the study. Self-rated childhood ADHD symptoms were obtained using the Wender-Utah Rating Scale. Cognitive impulsivity was measured using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), an index of impulsive decision making, and the Delayed Reward Discounting Task (DRDT), a measure of intertemporal choice. Motor impulsivity was indexed with the Stop Signal Task (SST), a measure of response inhibition. RESULTS:Participants, whose average age was 27.66 years (SD = 2.7), had an average ADHD symptom score of 36.6 (SD = 18.6), had roughly 7 years (SD = 2.9) of heroin use, and had been abstinent for just over a year (M = 402.5 days, SD = 223.8). Linear regression analyses revealed that self-reported ADHD symptoms predicted impulsive decision making (IGT), but not delayed discounting (DRDT) or response inhibition (SST). CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported childhood ADHD symptoms do not uniformly predict impulsivity among abstinent individuals with heroin dependence. Results suggest the IGT may be more sensitive to externalizing psychopathology among individuals with heroin dependence than other measures of impulsivity.
Authors: Jasmin Vassileva; Stefan Georgiev; Eileen Martin; Raul Gonzalez; Laura Segala Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2010-11-26 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Kristen R Hamilton; Marci R Mitchell; Victoria C Wing; Iris M Balodis; Warren K Bickel; Mark Fillmore; Scott D Lane; C W Lejuez; Andrew K Littlefield; Maartje Luijten; Charles W Mathias; Suzanne H Mitchell; T Celeste Napier; Brady Reynolds; Christian G Schütz; Barry Setlow; Kenneth J Sher; Alan C Swann; Stephanie E Tedford; Melanie J White; Catharine A Winstanley; Richard Yi; Marc N Potenza; F Gerard Moeller Journal: Personal Disord Date: 2015-04