Elaine Cruz Rosas1, Luana Barbosa Correa2, Tatiana de Almeida Pádua2, Thadeu Estevam Moreira Maramaldo Costa2, José Luiz Mazzei3, Alan Patrick Heringer4, Carlos Alberto Bizarro5, Maria Auxiliadora Coelho Kaplan6, Maria Raquel Figueiredo4, Maria G Henriques7. 1. Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: ecrosas@fiocruz.br. 2. Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 3. Analytical Center, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 4. Natural Products Laboratory, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 5. Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 6. Natural Products Research Center (NPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil. 7. Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: gracahenriques@fiocruz.br.
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Schinus terebinthifolius is a species of plant from the Anacardiaceae family, which can be found in different regions of Brazil. Schinus is popularly known as aroeirinha, aroeira-vermelha, or Brazilian pepper. In folk medicine, S. terebinthifolius is used for several disorders, including inflammatory conditions, skin wounds, mucosal membrane ulcers, respiratory problems, gout, tumors, diarrhea and arthritis. According to chemical analyses, gallic acid, methyl gallate and pentagalloylglucose are the main components of hydroalcoholic extracts from S. terebinthifolius leaves. In the present study, we demonstrated the ability of a hydroalcoholic extract to inhibit cell migration in arthritis and investigated the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anti-inflammatory effect of S. terebinthifolius hydroalcoholic leaf extract (ST-70) was investigated in a zymosan-induced experimental model of inflammation. Male Swiss and C57Bl/6 mice received zymosan (100 µg/cavity) via intra-thoracic (i.t.) or intra-articular (i.a.) injection after oral pre-treatment with ST-70. The direct action of ST-70 on neutrophils was evaluated via chemotaxis. RESULTS: ST-70 exhibited a dose-dependent effect in the pleurisy model. The median effective dose (ED50) was 100mg/kg, which inhibited 70% of neutrophil accumulation when compared with the control group. ST-70 reduced joint diameter and neutrophil influx for synovial tissues at 6h and 24h in zymosan-induced arthritis. Additionally, ST-70 inhibited synovial interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (CXCL1/KC) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α production at 6h and CXCL1/KC and IL-1β production at 24h. The direct activity of ST-70 on neutrophils was observed via the impairment of CXCL1/KC-induced chemotaxis in neutrophils. Oral administration of ST-70 did not induce gastric damage. Daily administration for twenty days did not kill any animals. In contrast, similar administrations of diclofenac induced gastric damage and killed all animals by the fifth day. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects of ST-70, suggesting a putative use of this herb for the development of phytomedicines to treat inflammatory diseases, such as joint inflammation.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Schinus terebinthifolius is a species of plant from the Anacardiaceae family, which can be found in different regions of Brazil. Schinus is popularly known as aroeirinha, aroeira-vermelha, or Brazilian pepper. In folk medicine, S. terebinthifolius is used for several disorders, including inflammatory conditions, skin wounds, mucosal membrane ulcers, respiratory problems, gout, tumors, diarrhea and arthritis. According to chemical analyses, gallic acid, methyl gallate and pentagalloylglucose are the main components of hydroalcoholic extracts from S. terebinthifolius leaves. In the present study, we demonstrated the ability of a hydroalcoholic extract to inhibit cell migration in arthritis and investigated the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anti-inflammatory effect of S. terebinthifolius hydroalcoholic leaf extract (ST-70) was investigated in a zymosan-induced experimental model of inflammation. Male Swiss and C57Bl/6 mice received zymosan (100 µg/cavity) via intra-thoracic (i.t.) or intra-articular (i.a.) injection after oral pre-treatment with ST-70. The direct action of ST-70 on neutrophils was evaluated via chemotaxis. RESULTS:ST-70 exhibited a dose-dependent effect in the pleurisy model. The median effective dose (ED50) was 100mg/kg, which inhibited 70% of neutrophil accumulation when compared with the control group. ST-70 reduced joint diameter and neutrophil influx for synovial tissues at 6h and 24h in zymosan-induced arthritis. Additionally, ST-70 inhibited synovial interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (CXCL1/KC) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α production at 6h and CXCL1/KC and IL-1β production at 24h. The direct activity of ST-70 on neutrophils was observed via the impairment of CXCL1/KC-induced chemotaxis in neutrophils. Oral administration of ST-70 did not induce gastric damage. Daily administration for twenty days did not kill any animals. In contrast, similar administrations of diclofenac induced gastric damage and killed all animals by the fifth day. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects of ST-70, suggesting a putative use of this herb for the development of phytomedicines to treat inflammatory diseases, such as joint inflammation.
Authors: Germana D Dos Santos; Renata R Gomes; Rosana Gonçalves; Gheniffer Fornari; Beatriz H L N S Maia; Claudia Schmidt-Dannert; Francois Gaascht; Chirlei Glienke; Gabriela X Schneider; Israella R Colombo; Juliana Degenhardt-Goldbach; João L M Pietsch; Magda C V Costa-Ribeiro; Vania A Vicente Journal: Curr Microbiol Date: 2021-07-02 Impact factor: 2.188
Authors: José Tarcísio de Giffoni de Carvalho; Débora da Silva Baldivia; Daniel Ferreira Leite; Laura Costa Alves de Araújo; Priscilla Pereira de Toledo Espindola; Katia Avila Antunes; Paola Santos Rocha; Kely de Picoli Souza; Edson Lucas Dos Santos Journal: Oxid Med Cell Longev Date: 2019-08-25 Impact factor: 6.543
Authors: Daniel Komatsu; Moema A Hausen; Ricardo Yugi Eri; Vinicius Leal; Flavia Pedrini; Camilo Yaksic; Thais F R Alves; Marco V Chaud; Camilla Fanelli; Irene Noronha; Eliana A R Duek Journal: ACS Omega Date: 2019-10-23