Rasmus Køster-Rasmussen1, Caroline Amalie Permin2, Volkert Siersma3, Jan Erik Henriksen4, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann5, Poul Erik Heldgaard6, Niels de Fine Olivarius7. 1. The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Postboks 2099, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark; Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 5000 Odense C, Denmark. Electronic address: rakra@sund.ku.dk. 2. The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Postboks 2099, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Electronic address: carolinepermin@hotmail.com. 3. The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Postboks 2099, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Electronic address: siersma@sund.ku.dk. 4. Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: Jan.Erik.Henriksen@rsyd.dk. 5. Research Unit for Dietary Studies at The parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nordre Fasanvej 57, Road 8, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark; Institute of Preventive Medicine, Capital Region, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg University Hospitals, Nordre Fasanvej 57, Road 8, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark; The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Level 2 Charles Perkins Centre D17, Johns Hopkins Drive, Camperdown NSW 2006, Australia; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Øster Farimagsgade 5 A, 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Electronic address: Berit.Lilienthal.Heitmann@regionh.dk. 6. The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Postboks 2099, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark. 7. The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Postboks 2099, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Electronic address: olivarius@sund.ku.dk.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of smoking cessation on body weight compared with normal long-term weight development. METHODS: Of 1970 adults (20-69 years) in a rural town in Denmark invited to take part in the study in 1998-2000, 1374 (70%) participated. After 9 years, 1121 participated in the follow-up study. Weight changes were compared using multivariable regression models. RESULTS: The mean baseline weight of never-smokers was 76.4 kg (SD 16.0). The adjusted weight of smokers and ex-smokers differed by -4.2 kg (95% CI: -5.9, -2.6), and -0.7 kg (95% CI: -2.5, 1.1), respectively. The adjusted weight gain rate (kg/year) of never-smokers, smokers, and ex-smokers was 0.213, 0.127, and 0.105, respectively. The absolute post cessation weight gain (PCWG) was 5.0 kg (SD 7.0), and the adjusted PCWG was 2.8 kg (95% CI: 1.7, 3.9) compared with never-smokers, and 3.5 kg (95% CI: 2.3, 4.8) compared with smokers. The follow-up weight did not differ between quitters and never-smokers (0.1 kg; 95% CI: -2.4, 2.6). CONCLUSION: Smokers weigh less than never-smokers. By quitting, they gain weight and end up weighing the same as comparable never-smokers. Weight gain rates differ by smoking status. Consequently, PCWG depends on the length of follow-up. Our graphical model indicates that smoking cessation results in a return to normal weight development.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of smoking cessation on body weight compared with normal long-term weight development. METHODS: Of 1970 adults (20-69 years) in a rural town in Denmark invited to take part in the study in 1998-2000, 1374 (70%) participated. After 9 years, 1121 participated in the follow-up study. Weight changes were compared using multivariable regression models. RESULTS: The mean baseline weight of never-smokers was 76.4 kg (SD 16.0). The adjusted weight of smokers and ex-smokers differed by -4.2 kg (95% CI: -5.9, -2.6), and -0.7 kg (95% CI: -2.5, 1.1), respectively. The adjusted weight gain rate (kg/year) of never-smokers, smokers, and ex-smokers was 0.213, 0.127, and 0.105, respectively. The absolute post cessation weight gain (PCWG) was 5.0 kg (SD 7.0), and the adjusted PCWG was 2.8 kg (95% CI: 1.7, 3.9) compared with never-smokers, and 3.5 kg (95% CI: 2.3, 4.8) compared with smokers. The follow-up weight did not differ between quitters and never-smokers (0.1 kg; 95% CI: -2.4, 2.6). CONCLUSION: Smokers weigh less than never-smokers. By quitting, they gain weight and end up weighing the same as comparable never-smokers. Weight gain rates differ by smoking status. Consequently, PCWG depends on the length of follow-up. Our graphical model indicates that smoking cessation results in a return to normal weight development.
Authors: Terry Bush; Jennifer Lovejoy; Harold Javitz; Alula Jimenez Torres; Ken Wassum; Marcia M Tan; Bonnie Spring Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2018-05-31 Impact factor: 3.295