Hosam El Sayed1, Richard Kerensky2, Michael Stecher3, Prasant Mohanty3, Mark Davies4. 1. Division of Vascular Surgery and Diseases, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Electronic address: hosam.elsayed@osumc.edu. 2. Department of Cardiology, Archbold Medical Center, Thomasville, Ga. 3. Clinical Regulatory, XBiotech, Austin, Tex. 4. Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Texas, San Antonio, Tex.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate an anti-interleukin 1α antibody for its ability to reduce acute postprocedural inflammation, thereby reducing neointimal hyperplasia and restenosisafter superficial femoral artery (SFA) angioplasty. Restenosis of the SFA after endovascular intervention is a common problem leading to 1-year primary patency as low as 40%. These failures are primarily due to the development of neointimal hyperplasia, resulting from arterial wall inflammation. METHODS: This was a randomized, phase II trial examining SFA restenosis in patients after percutaneous revascularization. Randomization occurred after successful revascularization, and patients were assigned to either the standard of care arm or the Xilonix (XBiotech USA, Inc, Austin, Tex) plus standard of care arm (N = 43). Xilonix was administered immediately after revascularization, every 2 weeks intravenously for four doses, and monthly subcutaneously until month 12. The major efficacy end points were target vessel event-free survival and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). RESULTS: At 12 months of follow-up, MACE (43% vs 36%; P = .76) and target vessel restenosis (24% vs 27%; log-rank, P = .79) rates were not significantly different between the groups. At 3-month follow-up, which covers the intravenous dosing period, a trend toward lower incidence of restenosis (0 of 22 [0%] vs 2 of 21 [10%]; P = .14) and MACE (2 of 22 [9%] vs 5 of 21 [24%]; P = .22) was observed in the Xilonix cohort. Adverse events were equally distributed in both arms. CONCLUSIONS:Xilonix was well tolerated. Observed tendency to improved vessel patency with intravenous dosing suggests Xilonix could potentially represent a safe and effective therapeutic approach to preserving vessel patency.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate an anti-interleukin 1α antibody for its ability to reduce acute postprocedural inflammation, thereby reducing neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis after superficial femoral artery (SFA) angioplasty. Restenosis of the SFA after endovascular intervention is a common problem leading to 1-year primary patency as low as 40%. These failures are primarily due to the development of neointimal hyperplasia, resulting from arterial wall inflammation. METHODS: This was a randomized, phase II trial examining SFArestenosis in patients after percutaneous revascularization. Randomization occurred after successful revascularization, and patients were assigned to either the standard of care arm or the Xilonix (XBiotech USA, Inc, Austin, Tex) plus standard of care arm (N = 43). Xilonix was administered immediately after revascularization, every 2 weeks intravenously for four doses, and monthly subcutaneously until month 12. The major efficacy end points were target vessel event-free survival and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). RESULTS: At 12 months of follow-up, MACE (43% vs 36%; P = .76) and target vessel restenosis (24% vs 27%; log-rank, P = .79) rates were not significantly different between the groups. At 3-month follow-up, which covers the intravenous dosing period, a trend toward lower incidence of restenosis (0 of 22 [0%] vs 2 of 21 [10%]; P = .14) and MACE (2 of 22 [9%] vs 5 of 21 [24%]; P = .22) was observed in the Xilonix cohort. Adverse events were equally distributed in both arms. CONCLUSIONS:Xilonix was well tolerated. Observed tendency to improved vessel patency with intravenous dosing suggests Xilonix could potentially represent a safe and effective therapeutic approach to preserving vessel patency.
Authors: Andrea T Obi; Elizabeth Andraska; Yogendra Kanthi; Catherine E Luke; Megan Elfline; Suresh Madathilparambil; Teruna J Siahaan; Farouc A Jaffer; Thomas W Wakefield; Krishnan Raghavendran; Peter K Henke Journal: J Vasc Res Date: 2016-10-22 Impact factor: 1.934
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