Yalcin Bayram1, Fatih Zor1, Huseyin Karagoz1, Yalcin Kulahci1, Ahmed M Afifi1, Serdar Ozturk1. 1. Drs Bayram and Zor are Associate Professors and Dr Ozturk is a Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. Dr Karagoz is an Associate Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery; GATA Haydarpasha Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Dr Kulahci is an Associate Professor, Department of Hand Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. Dr Afifi is an Assistant Professor, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Achieving satisfactory results may be difficult in augmentation mammaplasty patients in the presence of breast, chest wall, or vertebral deformities. These deformities have not been classified previously, and the impact of each deformity or combination of deformities has not been defined. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study are to determine the complicating factors in augmentation mammaplasty, to classify these factors according to their influence on surgical outcome, and to develop an identification system for simplifying the recognition of challenging cases. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed photographs and records of 100 consecutive patients who underwent augmentation mammaplasty. We observed suboptimal results in 18 cases. Preoperative deformities of the breast, chest wall, and vertebra were recorded in order to determine which factor or factors had complicated the surgeries. Eventually, the relationship between suboptimal surgical results and complicating factors was evaluated. RESULTS: We observed that some deformities alone caused suboptimal results, whereas others did not. Deformities that caused suboptimal results alone were called major complicating factors, and any others were called minor complicating factors. We observed that suboptimal results were also obtained in patients who had four minor complicating factors. Patients who had suboptimal results because of major or minor complicating factors were considered challenging cases. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, complicating factors for augmentation mammaplasty were defined and classified as major or minor depending on their effect on the surgical outcome. We suggest an identification system that simplifies the recognition of challenging cases in breast augmentation.
BACKGROUND: Achieving satisfactory results may be difficult in augmentation mammaplasty patients in the presence of breast, chest wall, or vertebral deformities. These deformities have not been classified previously, and the impact of each deformity or combination of deformities has not been defined. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study are to determine the complicating factors in augmentation mammaplasty, to classify these factors according to their influence on surgical outcome, and to develop an identification system for simplifying the recognition of challenging cases. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed photographs and records of 100 consecutive patients who underwent augmentation mammaplasty. We observed suboptimal results in 18 cases. Preoperative deformities of the breast, chest wall, and vertebra were recorded in order to determine which factor or factors had complicated the surgeries. Eventually, the relationship between suboptimal surgical results and complicating factors was evaluated. RESULTS: We observed that some deformities alone caused suboptimal results, whereas others did not. Deformities that caused suboptimal results alone were called major complicating factors, and any others were called minor complicating factors. We observed that suboptimal results were also obtained in patients who had four minor complicating factors. Patients who had suboptimal results because of major or minor complicating factors were considered challenging cases. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, complicating factors for augmentation mammaplasty were defined and classified as major or minor depending on their effect on the surgical outcome. We suggest an identification system that simplifies the recognition of challenging cases in breast augmentation.
Authors: Catherine L Chen; Andrew D Shore; Roger Johns; Jeanne M Clark; Michele Manahan; Martin A Makary Journal: Plast Reconstr Surg Date: 2011-11 Impact factor: 4.730