Tzu-Ying Chen1, Janice Kritchevsky2, Katherine Hargett1, Kathryn Feller1, Ryan Klobusnik1, Brian J Song3, Bruce Cooper4, Zeina Jouni5, Mario G Ferruzzi1,3, Elsa M Janle1. 1. Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. 2. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. 3. Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. 4. Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. 5. Mead Johnson Pediatric Nutrition Institute, Evansville, IN, USA.
Abstract
SCOPE: The pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and regional brain distribution of polyphenols from apple-grape seed extract (AGSE) mixture and bilberry extract were studied after 3 weeks of dosing in weanling pigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Weanling piglets were treated for 3 weeks with extracts of (AGSE) or bilberry extracts, using a physiological (27.5 mg/kg) or supplement (82.5 mg/kg) dose. A 24-h pharmacokinetic study was conducted and brain tissue was harvested. Major flavan-3-ol and flavonol metabolites including catechin-O-β-glucuronide, epicatechin-O-β-glucuronide, 3'O-methyl-catechin-O-β-glucuronide, 3'O-methyl-epicatechin-O-β-glucuronide, quercetin-O-β-glucuronide, and O-methyl-quercetin-O-β-glucuronide were analyzed in plasma, urine, and regional brain extracts from AGSE groups. Anthocyanidin-O-galactosides and O-glucosides of delphinidin (Del), cyanidin (Cyn), petunidin (Pet), peonidin (Peo), and malvidin (Mal) were analyzed in plasma, urine, and brain extracts from bilberry groups. CONCLUSION: Significant plasma dose-dependence was observed in flavan-3-ol metabolites of the AGSE group and in Mal, Del and Cyn galactosides and Pet, Peo, and Cyn glucosides of the bilberry groups. In the brain, a significant dose dependence was found in the cerebellum and frontal cortex in all major flavan-3-ol metabolites. All anthocyanidin glycosides, except for delphinidin, showed a dose-dependent increase in the cerebellum.
SCOPE: The pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and regional brain distribution of polyphenols from apple-grape seed extract (AGSE) mixture and bilberry extract were studied after 3 weeks of dosing in weanling pigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Weanling piglets were treated for 3 weeks with extracts of (AGSE) or bilberry extracts, using a physiological (27.5 mg/kg) or supplement (82.5 mg/kg) dose. A 24-h pharmacokinetic study was conducted and brain tissue was harvested. Major flavan-3-ol and flavonol metabolites including catechin-O-β-glucuronide, epicatechin-O-β-glucuronide, 3'O-methyl-catechin-O-β-glucuronide, 3'O-methyl-epicatechin-O-β-glucuronide, quercetin-O-β-glucuronide, and O-methyl-quercetin-O-β-glucuronide were analyzed in plasma, urine, and regional brain extracts from AGSE groups. Anthocyanidin-O-galactosides and O-glucosides of delphinidin (Del), cyanidin (Cyn), petunidin (Pet), peonidin (Peo), and malvidin (Mal) were analyzed in plasma, urine, and brain extracts from bilberry groups. CONCLUSION: Significant plasma dose-dependence was observed in flavan-3-ol metabolites of the AGSE group and in Mal, Del and Cyn galactosides and Pet, Peo, and Cyn glucosides of the bilberry groups. In the brain, a significant dose dependence was found in the cerebellum and frontal cortex in all major flavan-3-ol metabolites. All anthocyanidin glycosides, except for delphinidin, showed a dose-dependent increase in the cerebellum.
Authors: Tzu-Ying Chen; Mario G Ferruzzi; Qing-Li Wu; James E Simon; Stephen T Talcott; Jun Wang; Lap Ho; George Todd; Bruce Cooper; Giulio M Pasinetti; Elsa M Janle Journal: Mol Nutr Food Res Date: 2017-08-14 Impact factor: 5.914
Authors: Aimee N Winter; Matthew C Brenner; Noelle Punessen; Michael Snodgrass; Caleb Byars; Yingyot Arora; Daniel A Linseman Journal: Oxid Med Cell Longev Date: 2017-06-27 Impact factor: 6.543
Authors: I Figueira; G Garcia; R C Pimpão; A P Terrasso; I Costa; A F Almeida; L Tavares; T F Pais; P Pinto; M R Ventura; A Filipe; G J McDougall; D Stewart; K S Kim; I Palmela; D Brites; M A Brito; C Brito; C N Santos Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-09-13 Impact factor: 4.379