Daniel James Clark1,2,3, Alex K Smith4,5, Richard D Dortch4,5,6, Michael V Knopp1,2, Seth A Smith4,5,6. 1. Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. 2. Wright Center of Innovation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. 3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. 4. Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 6. Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To develop a chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) scheme sensitive to hydroxyl protons at 3 T. Clinical imaging of hydroxyl moieties can have an impact on osteoarthritis, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cancer. THEORY: By varying saturation amplitude linearly with frequency offset, the direct water saturation component of the Z-spectrum is flattened and can be subtracted to produce a magnetization transfer ratio difference spectrum (MTRdiff ) that isolates solute resonances. Variable saturation power allows for near optimization of hydroxyl and amine/amide moieties in one Z-spectrum. METHODS: Phantom studies were used to test vCEST performance in two environments: (1) aqueous single-solute (glycogen, glucose); (2) aqueous multiple solute (glycogen with bovine serum albumin). In vivo vCEST imaging of glycosaminoglycan content in patellar-femoral cartilage was performed in a subject with history of cartilage transplant. RESULTS: In solutions with overlapping resonances, vCEST resolves separate hydroxyl and amine/amide peaks. CEST hydroxyl signal in cartilage is negligible, but with vCEST, hydroxyl signal ranged from 2 to 5% ppm and showed distinct contrast between lesions and normal appearing cartilage. CONCLUSION: Introduced a variable saturation amplitude CEST (vCEST) scheme to improve sensitivity to exchangeable hydroxyl moieties at 3 T resulting in detection of hydroxyl in the presence of multiple solutes with overlapping resonances. Magn Reson Med 76:826-837, 2016.
PURPOSE: To develop a chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) scheme sensitive to hydroxyl protons at 3 T. Clinical imaging of hydroxyl moieties can have an impact on osteoarthritis, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cancer. THEORY: By varying saturation amplitude linearly with frequency offset, the direct water saturation component of the Z-spectrum is flattened and can be subtracted to produce a magnetization transfer ratio difference spectrum (MTRdiff ) that isolates solute resonances. Variable saturation power allows for near optimization of hydroxyl and amine/amide moieties in one Z-spectrum. METHODS: Phantom studies were used to test vCEST performance in two environments: (1) aqueous single-solute (glycogen, glucose); (2) aqueous multiple solute (glycogen with bovine serum albumin). In vivo vCEST imaging of glycosaminoglycan content in patellar-femoral cartilage was performed in a subject with history of cartilage transplant. RESULTS: In solutions with overlapping resonances, vCEST resolves separate hydroxyl and amine/amide peaks. CEST hydroxyl signal in cartilage is negligible, but with vCEST, hydroxyl signal ranged from 2 to 5% ppm and showed distinct contrast between lesions and normal appearing cartilage. CONCLUSION: Introduced a variable saturation amplitude CEST (vCEST) scheme to improve sensitivity to exchangeable hydroxyl moieties at 3 T resulting in detection of hydroxyl in the presence of multiple solutes with overlapping resonances. Magn Reson Med 76:826-837, 2016.
Authors: Nikola Stikov; Kathryn E Keenan; John M Pauly; R Lane Smith; Robert F Dougherty; Garry E Gold Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2011-03-17 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Guang Jia; Yukihisa Takayama; David C Flanigan; Christopher C Kaeding; Jinyuan Zhou; Ajit Chaudhari; Daniel Clark; Steffen Sammet; Jiachao Liang; Seongjin Choi; Michael V Knopp Journal: Magn Reson Imaging Date: 2011-02-02 Impact factor: 2.546
Authors: Gizeaddis L Simegn; Andre J W Van der Kouwe; Frances C Robertson; Ernesta M Meintjes; Ali Alhamud Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2018-12-02 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Maria Yanez Lopez; Marie-Christine Pardon; Kerstin Baiker; Malcolm Prior; Ding Yuchun; Alessandra Agostini; Li Bai; Dorothee P Auer; Henryk M Faas Journal: PLoS One Date: 2019-02-21 Impact factor: 3.240