Dalia Mohammed Mosaad1, Amr Almaz Abdel-Aziem2. 1. Department of Basic sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. 2. Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Carrying the school bag may lead to forward leaning of the head and trunk which may result in spinal deformities. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of carrying a backpack on neck angles and ground reaction forces (GRFs) in children. METHODS: 3-D motion analysis system, with a force plate, was used to examine the effect of carrying backpack on neck angles and GRFs of thirty children with mean age (10.06 ± 1.31 years), mean weight (34.56 ± 6.9 kg), and mean height (138.63 ± 9.82 cm). The unloaded posture was compared with posture when carrying a backpack. The static test was used to assess the three angles of the neck, and the dynamic test was used to assess the GRFs. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the craniohorizontal angle and shoulder sagittal posture between carrying backpack and without backpack (p = 0.153 and 0.272) respectively. There was a significant decrease in the craniovertebral angle in carrying backpack than without backpack (p = 0.032). There was a significant increase in GRFs values in carrying backpack than without backpack (p < 0.032). CONCLUSION: Carrying backpack with a load 7.5% of the child's body weight alters the head posture and GRFs values.
BACKGROUND: Carrying the school bag may lead to forward leaning of the head and trunk which may result in spinal deformities. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of carrying a backpack on neck angles and ground reaction forces (GRFs) in children. METHODS: 3-D motion analysis system, with a force plate, was used to examine the effect of carrying backpack on neck angles and GRFs of thirty children with mean age (10.06 ± 1.31 years), mean weight (34.56 ± 6.9 kg), and mean height (138.63 ± 9.82 cm). The unloaded posture was compared with posture when carrying a backpack. The static test was used to assess the three angles of the neck, and the dynamic test was used to assess the GRFs. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the craniohorizontal angle and shoulder sagittal posture between carrying backpack and without backpack (p = 0.153 and 0.272) respectively. There was a significant decrease in the craniovertebral angle in carrying backpack than without backpack (p = 0.032). There was a significant increase in GRFs values in carrying backpack than without backpack (p < 0.032). CONCLUSION: Carrying backpack with a load 7.5% of the child's body weight alters the head posture and GRFs values.
Authors: Štefan Balkó; James J Tufano; Marek Jelínek; Zdeněk Svoboda; Monika Błaszczyszyn; František Vaverka Journal: Cent Eur J Public Health Date: 2022-09 Impact factor: 1.154
Authors: João Barbosa; Mário C Marques; Mikel Izquierdo; Henrique P Neiva; Tiago M Barbosa; Robinson Ramírez-Vélez; Alicia M Alonso-Martínez; Antonio García-Hermoso; Roberto Aguado-Jimenez; Daniel A Marinho Journal: BMC Pediatr Date: 2019-05-17 Impact factor: 2.125
Authors: Ivan Jurak; Ozren Rađenović; Filip Bolčević; Andreja Bartolac; Vladimir Medved Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2019-10-16 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: João P Barbosa; Mário C Marques; Henrique P Neiva; Dulce Esteves; Alicia M Alonso-Martínez; Mikel Izquierdo; Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo; Cristian Alvarez; Daniel A Marinho Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2019-12-17 Impact factor: 3.390