Expanding tuberculosis case notification among marginalized groups in Bangladesh through peer sputum collection.

Case notification rates of tuberculosis (TB) in Bangladesh remain poor despite a high burden of disease. Peer sputum collection among underserved populations was implemented to expand case notification and to provide socially empowering roles in society for often excluded members of marginalized populations. Over the 55 months of the evaluation, 32 587 members of key populations were screened for TB, with 1587 smear-positive TB cases detected. Broadening TB services at human immunodeficiency virus drop-in centers using peer sputum collection to target high-risk populations for TB may be an effective way to increase TB case notification among key populations in Bangladesh.