| Literature DB >> 26398362 |
Patrícia Pedro1, Diogo Telles-Correia2, Iolanda Godinho2, Carlos Chagas3.
Abstract
When the frontal lobe of the brain is affected important behavioral changes may occur mainly at the level of executive functioning, i.e., planning, decision-making, judgment and self-perception. However, the behavioral changes may be of different nature with marked indifference and apathy. We report a clinical case of an 81-year-old patient with sudden onset of behavioral changes that were initially interpreted as an acute confusional episode of infectious etiology, but actually they were due to an ischemic lesion in the frontal lobe.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2015 PMID: 26398362 PMCID: PMC4878641 DOI: 10.1590/S1679-45082015RC3004
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Einstein (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 1679-4508
Complementary exams and diagnosis
| An 81-year-old women with sudden change on behavior, isolation, psychomotor agitation, hetero-aggressiveness, anomie, visual/auditory verbal hallucinations, persecutory deliriums and total insomnia | |||||
| Diferential diagnosis | Organic clinical picture versus psychiatric clinical picture | ||||
| Computed tomography scan of the brain | Inflammation of left middle ear | ||||
| Neurology | No focal sings in neurologic exam | ||||
| Lumbar puncture | Limpid aspect liquor and with normal cytochemical characteristics | ||||
| Analyses | Leukocytosis (17.500x109/L) with mild neutrophilia (85,68%), high CRP test of (4.66mg/dL → 12.3mg/dL) | ||||
| Urine II with leukocyturia (17 cell/uL) and erythrocyturia (37 cell/uL) | |||||
| Hospitalized patient with suspicion of uncomplicated cystitis | |||||
| Antibiotic therapy with cefriaxone | Negative urine culture | ||||
| Exclusion of no urinary tract causes for inflammatory/confusion clinical feature | |||||
| Negative VDRL | Negative blood culture | Ecocardiograpm without changes | Normal thyroid function | Thoracic-abdominal-pelvic CT scan without signficant changes | |
| Maintenance of behavioral changes | |||||
| Cranioencefálico magnetic resonance imaging | Cortical and subcortical frontal internal injury compatible with possible subacute failure | ||||
VDRL: Venereal Disease Research Laboratory; TAP- CT: thoracic-abdominal-pelvic computed tomography scan.
Exames complementares e marcha diagnóstica
| Paciente feminina, 81 anos, alteração súbita do comportamento, isolamento, agitação psicomotora, heteroagressividade, anomia, alucinações visuais e auditivo-verbais, delírios persecutórios e insônia total | |||||
| Diagnóstico diferencial | Quadro orgânico | ||||
| Tomografia computadorizada craniencefálica | Sem alterações agudas. Preenchimento inflamatório do ouvido médio esquerdo | ||||
| Neurologia | Sem sinais focais ao exame neurológico | ||||
| Punção lombar | Líquor límpido e com citoquímica normal | ||||
| Análises | Leucocitose (17.500x109/L) com neutrofilia (85,68%) e subida de PCR (4,66mg/dL → 12,3mg/dL) | ||||
| Urina II com leucocitúria (17cel/uL) e eritrocitúria (37cel/uL) | |||||
| Doente internada com suspeita de cistite não complicada | |||||
| Antibioterapia com ceftriaxona | Urocultura negativa | ||||
| Exclusão de causas não urinárias para o quadro inflamatório/ confusional | |||||
| VDRL negativo | Hemoculturas negativas | Ecocardiograma sem alterações | Função tiroideia normal | TC-TAP sem alterações relevantes | |
| Manutenção das alterações do comportamento | |||||
| Ressonância magnética craniencefálica | Lesão cortico-subcortical frontal interna compatível com possível enfarte subagudo | ||||
VDRL: Venereal Disease Research Laboratory; TC-TAP: tomografia computadorizada tóraco-abdomino-pélvica.