T Jamtsho1, A D Harries2, S Malhotra3, D Wangchuk4, U Dophu5, T Dorji6, T Dendup7. 1. Health Management and Information System, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan. 2. International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France ; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. 3. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 4. Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan. 5. Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan. 6. Communicable Disease Division, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan. 7. National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan.
Abstract
SETTING: All tuberculosis (TB) registration sites in Bhutan. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study involving a retrospective review of TB registers and TB treatment cards. OBJECTIVES: To determine: 1) the number and proportion of all TB cases registered as extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) from 2001 to 2010, 2) the age and sex of the patients and the categories and types of EPTB registered in 2010, and 3) their treatment outcomes. RESULTS: The proportion of all TB cases registered as EPTB over a period of 10 years varied from 30% to 40%. In 2010, 505 patients were registered with EPTB, of whom 50% were male, 21% were children, and 96% were new EPTB cases. TB lymph node enlargement and pleural effusion were the two most common types of EPTB, accounting for 67%, followed by abdominal TB and spinal/bone/kidney disease. The overall treatment success rate was 90%, and was generally similar with respect to sex, age and different types of EPTB. CONCLUSION: Bhutan has a high proportion of patients registered as having EPTB, for whom treatment outcomes are satisfactory. Further work is needed to better understand how EPTB is diagnosed throughout the country.
SETTING: All tuberculosis (TB) registration sites in Bhutan. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study involving a retrospective review of TB registers and TB treatment cards. OBJECTIVES: To determine: 1) the number and proportion of all TB cases registered as extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) from 2001 to 2010, 2) the age and sex of the patients and the categories and types of EPTB registered in 2010, and 3) their treatment outcomes. RESULTS: The proportion of all TB cases registered as EPTB over a period of 10 years varied from 30% to 40%. In 2010, 505 patients were registered with EPTB, of whom 50% were male, 21% were children, and 96% were new EPTB cases. TB lymph node enlargement and pleural effusion were the two most common types of EPTB, accounting for 67%, followed by abdominal TB and spinal/bone/kidney disease. The overall treatment success rate was 90%, and was generally similar with respect to sex, age and different types of EPTB. CONCLUSION: Bhutan has a high proportion of patients registered as having EPTB, for whom treatment outcomes are satisfactory. Further work is needed to better understand how EPTB is diagnosed throughout the country.
Authors: Erik von Elm; Douglas G Altman; Matthias Egger; Stuart J Pocock; Peter C Gøtzsche; Jan P Vandenbroucke Journal: Bull World Health Organ Date: 2007-11 Impact factor: 9.408
Authors: Xinyu Zhang; Aase B Andersen; Troels Lillebaek; Zaza Kamper-Jørgensen; Vibeke Østergaard Thomsen; Karin Ladefoged; Carl F Marrs; Lixin Zhang; Zhenhua Yang Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2011-08 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: M M Weismuller; S M Graham; N J M Claessens; S Meijnen; F M Salaniponi; A D Harries Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis Date: 2002-05 Impact factor: 2.373
Authors: C Richter; R Perenboom; A B Swai; J Kitinya; I Mtoni; H Chande; R R Kazema; L M Chuwa; D H Mwakyusa; S Y Maselle Journal: Trop Geogr Med Date: 1994
Authors: F M Vanhoenacker; A I De Backer; Beeck B Op de; M Maes; R Van Altena; D Van Beckevoort; P Kersemans; A M De Schepper Journal: Eur Radiol Date: 2004-03 Impact factor: 5.315
Authors: Heather M Peto; Robert H Pratt; Theresa A Harrington; Philip A LoBue; Lori R Armstrong Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2009-11-01 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: M R O Chisale; F Sinyiza; P Kaseka; J S T Wu; C Chimbatata; B C Mbakaya; P S Kamudumuli; A B Kayira Journal: Epidemiol Infect Date: 2020-10-20 Impact factor: 2.451