W van den Boogaard1, M Manzi1, A D Harries2, A J Reid1. 1. Médecins Sans Frontières, Medical Department (Operational Research), Operational Centre Brussels, Luxembourg. 2. International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France ; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Abstract
SETTING: Eight pediatric hospital in-patient wards in remote, rural and/or insecure areas in Africa. OBJECTIVES: To describe, in children aged <5 years, 1) overall and individual mortality rates, 2) the 10 most common causes of mortality, and 3) their case-fatality rates. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of routinely collected standardized program data for 2010. RESULTS: During 2010, 21 357 children aged <5 years were admitted and 1520 died, resulting in an overall in-patient mortality rate among under-fives of 7%. This remained the same after considering the three most common causes of mortality per hospital. One hospital with a neonatal unit showed a mortality rate of 14%. Of the 10 most common causes of mortality in the eight hospitals, severe malaria, acute lower respiratory tract infection and neonatal infection counted for about 77% of total deaths. Ranking the 10 most common causes of mortality according to case-fatality rates, septicemia, meningitis, low birth weight with pathology, neonatal infection and neonatal asphyxia were the most common (case-fatality rates 15-40%). CONCLUSION: Despite widely different contexts, mortality rates for pediatric in-patients were consistently under 10%. To further reduce mortality, emphasis should be placed on treating sepsis and introducing implementable and/or adapted care packages for neonatal-related pathologies.
SETTING: Eight pediatric hospital in-patient wards in remote, rural and/or insecure areas in Africa. OBJECTIVES: To describe, in children aged <5 years, 1) overall and individual mortality rates, 2) the 10 most common causes of mortality, and 3) their case-fatality rates. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of routinely collected standardized program data for 2010. RESULTS: During 2010, 21 357 children aged <5 years were admitted and 1520 died, resulting in an overall in-patient mortality rate among under-fives of 7%. This remained the same after considering the three most common causes of mortality per hospital. One hospital with a neonatal unit showed a mortality rate of 14%. Of the 10 most common causes of mortality in the eight hospitals, severe malaria, acute lower respiratory tract infection and neonatal infection counted for about 77% of total deaths. Ranking the 10 most common causes of mortality according to case-fatality rates, septicemia, meningitis, low birth weight with pathology, neonatal infection and neonatal asphyxia were the most common (case-fatality rates 15-40%). CONCLUSION: Despite widely different contexts, mortality rates for pediatric in-patients were consistently under 10%. To further reduce mortality, emphasis should be placed on treating sepsis and introducing implementable and/or adapted care packages for neonatal-related pathologies.
Authors: Gary L Darmstadt; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Simon Cousens; Taghreed Adam; Neff Walker; Luc de Bernis Journal: Lancet Date: 2005 Mar 12-18 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Anthony K Mbonye; Miriam Sentongo; Gelasius K Mukasa; Romano Byaruhanga; Olive Sentumbwe-Mugisa; Peter Waiswa; Hanifah Naamala Sengendo; Patrick Aliganyira; Margaret Nakakeeto; Joy E Lawn; Kate Kerber Journal: Health Policy Plan Date: 2012-07 Impact factor: 3.344
Authors: Joy E Lawn; Mary V Kinney; Robert E Black; Catherine Pitt; Simon Cousens; Kate Kerber; Erica Corbett; Allisyn C Moran; Claudia S Morrissey; Mikkel Z Oestergaard Journal: Health Policy Plan Date: 2012-07 Impact factor: 3.344
Authors: Evelyn Zimba; Mary V Kinney; Fannie Kachale; Karen Z Waltensperger; Hannah Blencowe; Tim Colbourn; Joby George; Charles Mwansambo; Martias Joshua; Harriet Chanza; Dorothy Nyasulu; Grace Mlava; Nathalie Gamache; Abigail Kazembe; Joy E Lawn Journal: Health Policy Plan Date: 2012-07 Impact factor: 3.344
Authors: Michael K Mwaniki; Hellen W Gatakaa; Florence N Mturi; Charles R Chesaro; Jane M Chuma; Norbert M Peshu; Linda Mason; Piet Kager; Kevin Marsh; Mike English; James A Berkley; Charles R Newton Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2010-10-06 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: B B Ngoy; R Zachariah; S G Hinderaker; M Khogali; M Manzi; J van Griensven; L Ayada; J P Jemmy; A Maalim; H Amin Journal: Public Health Action Date: 2013-06-21
Authors: Richard S Hotchkiss; Lyle L Moldawer; Steven M Opal; Konrad Reinhart; Isaiah R Turnbull; Jean-Louis Vincent Journal: Nat Rev Dis Primers Date: 2016-06-30 Impact factor: 52.329
Authors: Vinayaka Kotraiah; Timothy W Phares; Cecille D Browne; James Pannucci; Marc Mansour; Amy R Noe; Kenneth D Tucker; Jayne M Christen; Charles Reed; Alecia MacKay; Genevieve M Weir; Rajkannan Rajagopalan; Marianne M Stanford; Chun-Shiang Chung; Alfred Ayala; Jing Huang; Moriya Tsuji; Gabriel M Gutierrez Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2020-03-06 Impact factor: 7.561