F C Tong1, X Zhang2, D J Kempf2, M S Yepes3, F R Connor-Stroud2, S Zola4, L Howell5. 1. From the Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery (F.C.T.) ftong@emory.edu. 2. Yerkes National Primate Research Center (X.Z., D.J.K., F.R.C.-S, S.Z., L.H.), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. 3. Neurology (M.S.Y.). 4. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.Z., L.H.), School of Medicine Yerkes National Primate Research Center (X.Z., D.J.K., F.R.C.-S, S.Z., L.H.), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center (S.Z.), Decatur, Georgia. 5. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.Z., L.H.), School of Medicine Yerkes National Primate Research Center (X.Z., D.J.K., F.R.C.-S, S.Z., L.H.), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Current nonhuman primate stroke models are limited by either stroke variability or survivability. A new nonhuman primate stroke model was developed by using endovascular trapping techniques to limit collateral vessels with serial MR imaging and neurologic assessments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight adult rhesus monkeys (female, 7-13 years of age) underwent MR imaging and Spetzler neurologic assessment followed by endovascular stroke induction consisting of superselective endovascular placement of surgical silk sutures into the right MCA by using a trapping technique. Two initial subjects were euthanized immediately following postocclusion MR imaging. The subsequent 6 subjects recovered and underwent follow-up MR imaging and Spetzler neurologic assessments at 48 hours, with 4 being followed to 96 hours. Stroke infarct volumes were measured, and the longitudinal Spetzler clinical neurologic scores were assessed. The brain tissues were harvested and prepared with hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS: Focal permanent cerebral ischemia was induced in the targeted right MCA territory in all subjects. The volumes of the ischemic lesions at 6, 48, and 96 hours were 3.18 ± 1.007 mL (standard error of the mean) (n = 8), 6.70 ± 1.666 mL (standard error of the mean) (n = 6), and 7.23 ± 1.371 mL (standard error of the mean) (n = 4). For the survival animals, the immediate postsurgical Spetzler grading score improved from 60.7 at 24 hours to 68.7 at 48 hours. CONCLUSIONS: We report a trapping modification to an established endovascular suture stroke model that yielded reproducible ischemia and clinically quantifiable neurologic deficits with no strokes in nontarget areas. This technique may be useful in evaluating translational stroke and penumbral imaging research in addition to preclinical testing of neuroprotective therapies.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Current nonhuman primate stroke models are limited by either stroke variability or survivability. A new nonhuman primate stroke model was developed by using endovascular trapping techniques to limit collateral vessels with serial MR imaging and neurologic assessments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight adult rhesus monkeys (female, 7-13 years of age) underwent MR imaging and Spetzler neurologic assessment followed by endovascular stroke induction consisting of superselective endovascular placement of surgical silk sutures into the right MCA by using a trapping technique. Two initial subjects were euthanized immediately following postocclusion MR imaging. The subsequent 6 subjects recovered and underwent follow-up MR imaging and Spetzler neurologic assessments at 48 hours, with 4 being followed to 96 hours. Stroke infarct volumes were measured, and the longitudinal Spetzler clinical neurologic scores were assessed. The brain tissues were harvested and prepared with hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS: Focal permanent cerebral ischemia was induced in the targeted right MCA territory in all subjects. The volumes of the ischemic lesions at 6, 48, and 96 hours were 3.18 ± 1.007 mL (standard error of the mean) (n = 8), 6.70 ± 1.666 mL (standard error of the mean) (n = 6), and 7.23 ± 1.371 mL (standard error of the mean) (n = 4). For the survival animals, the immediate postsurgical Spetzler grading score improved from 60.7 at 24 hours to 68.7 at 48 hours. CONCLUSIONS: We report a trapping modification to an established endovascular suture stroke model that yielded reproducible ischemia and clinically quantifiable neurologic deficits with no strokes in nontarget areas. This technique may be useful in evaluating translational stroke and penumbral imaging research in addition to preclinical testing of neuroprotective therapies.
Authors: Yutong Liu; Helen E D'Arceuil; Susan Westmoreland; Julian He; Michael Duggan; R Gilberto Gonzalez; Johnny Pryor; Alex J de Crespigny Journal: Stroke Date: 2006-11-22 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: R F Spetzler; W R Selman; P Weinstein; J Townsend; M Mehdorn; D Telles; R C Crumrine; R Macko Journal: Neurosurgery Date: 1980-09 Impact factor: 4.654
Authors: Neil S N Graham; Siobhan Crichton; Michael Koutroumanidis; Charles D A Wolfe; Anthony G Rudd Journal: Stroke Date: 2013-01-31 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Chun-Xia Li; Doty J Kempf; Frank C Tong; Yumei Yan; Zhengfeng Xu; Fawn R Connor-Stroud; Byron D Ford; Leonard L Howell; Xiaodong Zhang Journal: Comp Med Date: 2018-11-28 Impact factor: 0.982
Authors: Ariel Diaz; Paola Merino; Patrick McCann; Manuel A Yepes; Laura G Quiceno; Enrique Torre; Amelia Tomkins; Xiaodong Zhang; Chadwick M Hales; Frank C Tong; Manuel Yepes Journal: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Date: 2021-03-24 Impact factor: 6.200
Authors: Xiaodong Zhang; Yumei Yan; Frank Tong; Chun-Xia Li; Benjamin Jones; Silun Wang; Yuguang Meng; E Chris Muly; Doty Kempf; Leonard Howell Journal: Open Neuroimag J Date: 2018-03-30