Ryan W Gan1, Kendra A Young1, Gary O Zerbe2, M Kristen Demoruelle3, Michael H Weisman4, Jane H Buckner5, Peter K Gregersen6, Ted R Mikuls7, James R O'Dell7, Richard M Keating8, Michael J Clare-Salzler9, Kevin D Deane3, V Michael Holers3, Jill M Norris10. 1. Colorado School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Aurora. 2. Colorado School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics and Informatics. 3. University of Colorado, Division of Rheumatology, Aurora, CO. 4. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA. 5. Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA. 6. Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and North Shore - Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, NY. 7. Veteran Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE. 8. Scripps Health, La Jolla and. 9. Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. 10. Colorado School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Aurora, Jill.Norris@ucdenver.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate omega-3 fatty acid (FA) supplement use and omega-3 FAs in erythrocyte membranes [omega-3 FA % in erythrocyte membranes (RBC)] and their association with anti-CCP autoantibodies in a population without RA, but who are at genetic risk for RA. METHODS: The multicentre Studies of the Etiology of RA (SERA) cohort includes RA-free subjects who are first-degree relatives of RA probands or are enriched with the HLA-DR4 allele. In a nested case-control study, 30 SERA cases were identified who were anti-CCP2 antibody positive. We further identified 47 autoantibody negative controls, frequency matched to cases on age at study visit, sex, race and study site. Anti-CCP2 status, self-reported omega-3 FA supplement use and omega-3 FA % in RBCs were obtained from a single visit. RESULTS: Anti-CCP2 positive cases were less likely than controls to report omega-3 FA supplement use (odds ratio: 0.14; 95% CI 0.03, 0.68). In addition, the likelihood of anti-CCP2 positivity was inversely associated with total omega-3 FA % in RBCs (odds ratio: 0.47; 95% CI 0.24, 0.92, for a s.d. increase). CONCLUSION: The inverse association between anti-CCP2 positivity and self-reported omega-3 FA supplement use and omega-3 FA % in RBCs suggests that omega-3 FAs may protect against the development of RA-related autoimmunity in pre-clinical RA.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate omega-3 fatty acid (FA) supplement use and omega-3 FAs in erythrocyte membranes [omega-3 FA % in erythrocyte membranes (RBC)] and their association with anti-CCP autoantibodies in a population without RA, but who are at genetic risk for RA. METHODS: The multicentre Studies of the Etiology of RA (SERA) cohort includes RA-free subjects who are first-degree relatives of RA probands or are enriched with the HLA-DR4 allele. In a nested case-control study, 30 SERA cases were identified who were anti-CCP2 antibody positive. We further identified 47 autoantibody negative controls, frequency matched to cases on age at study visit, sex, race and study site. Anti-CCP2 status, self-reported omega-3 FA supplement use and omega-3 FA % in RBCs were obtained from a single visit. RESULTS: Anti-CCP2 positive cases were less likely than controls to report omega-3 FA supplement use (odds ratio: 0.14; 95% CI 0.03, 0.68). In addition, the likelihood of anti-CCP2 positivity was inversely associated with total omega-3 FA % in RBCs (odds ratio: 0.47; 95% CI 0.24, 0.92, for a s.d. increase). CONCLUSION: The inverse association between anti-CCP2 positivity and self-reported omega-3 FA supplement use and omega-3 FA % in RBCs suggests that omega-3 FAs may protect against the development of RA-related autoimmunity in pre-clinical RA.
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