Richard Bouchard1, Nicholas Dana2, Luigi Di Biase3, Andrea Natale4, Stanislav Emelianov1. 1. Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. 2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. 3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA ; Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA ; Department of Cardiology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. 4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA ; Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA.
Abstract
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) procedures are used to destroy abnormal electrical pathways in the heart that can cause cardiac arrhythmias. Current methods relying on fluoroscopy, echocardiography and electrical conduction mapping are unable to accurately assess ablation lesion size. In an effort to better visualize RFA lesions, photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasonic (US) imaging were utilized to obtain co-registered images of ablated porcine cardiac tissue. The left ventricular free wall of fresh (i.e., never frozen) porcine hearts was harvested within 24 hours of the animals' sacrifice. A THERMOCOOL ® Ablation System (Biosense Webster, Inc.) operating at 40 W for 30-60 s was used to induce lesions through the endocardial and epicardial walls of the cardiac samples. Following lesion creation, the ablated tissue samples were placed in 25 °C saline to allow for multi-wavelength PA imaging. Samples were imaged with a Vevo ® 2100 ultrasound system (VisualSonics, Inc.) using a modified 20-MHz array that could provide laser irradiation to the sample from a pulsed tunable laser (Newport Corp.) to allow for co-registered photoacoustic-ultrasound (PAUS) imaging. PA imaging was conducted from 750-1064 nm, with a surface fluence of approximately 15 mJ/cm2 maintained during imaging. In this preliminary study with PA imaging, the ablated region could be well visualized on the surface of the sample, with contrasts of 6-10 dB achieved at 750 nm. Although imaging penetration depth is a concern, PA imaging shows promise in being able to reliably visualize RF ablation lesions.
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) procedures are used to destroy abnormal electrical pathways in the heart that can cause cardiac arrhythmias. Current methods relying on fluoroscopy, echocardiography and electrical conduction mapping are unable to accurately assess ablation lesion size. In an effort to better visualize RFA lesions, photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasonic (US) imaging were utilized to obtain co-registered images of ablated porcine cardiac tissue. The left ventricular free wall of fresh (i.e., never frozen) porcine hearts was harvested within 24 hours of the animals' sacrifice. A THERMOCOOL ® Ablation System (Biosense Webster, Inc.) operating at 40 W for 30-60 s was used to induce lesions through the endocardial and epicardial walls of the cardiac samples. Following pan class="Disease">lesion creation, the ablated tissue samples were placed in 25 °C saline to allow for multi-wavelength PA imaging. Samples were imaged with a Vevo ® 2100 ultrasound system (VisualSonics, Inc.) using a modified 20-MHz array that could provide laser irradiation to the sample from a pulsed tunable laser (Newport Corp.) to allow for co-registered photoacoustic-ultrasound (PAUS) imaging. PA imaging was conducted from 750-1064 nm, with a surface fluence of approximately 15 mJ/cm2 maintained during imaging. In this preliminary study with PA imaging, the ablated region could be well visualized on the surface of the sample, with contrasts of 6-10 dB achieved at 750 nm. Although imaging penetration depth is a concern, PA imaging shows promise in being able to reliably visualize RF ablation lesions.
Authors: Isaac A Thyer; Pramesh Kovoor; Michael A Barry; Jim Pouliopoulos; David L Ross; Aravinda Thiagalingam Journal: J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol Date: 2006-05
Authors: Luigi Di Biase; J David Burkhardt; Prasant Mohanty; Javier Sanchez; Sanghamitra Mohanty; Rodney Horton; G Joseph Gallinghouse; Shane M Bailey; Jason D Zagrodzky; Pasquale Santangeli; Steven Hao; Richard Hongo; Salwa Beheiry; Sakis Themistoclakis; Aldo Bonso; Antonio Rossillo; Andrea Corrado; Antonio Raviele; Amin Al-Ahmad; Paul Wang; Jennifer E Cummings; Robert A Schweikert; Gemma Pelargonio; Antonio Dello Russo; Michela Casella; Pietro Santarelli; William R Lewis; Andrea Natale Journal: Circulation Date: 2010-07-06 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: M Haïssaguerre; P Jaïs; D C Shah; A Takahashi; M Hocini; G Quiniou; S Garrigue; A Le Mouroux; P Le Métayer; J Clémenty Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 1998-09-03 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Jignesh Shah; Suhyun Park; Salavat Aglyamov; Timothy Larson; Li Ma; Konstantin Sokolov; Keith Johnston; Thomas Milner; Stanislav Y Emelianov Journal: J Biomed Opt Date: 2008 May-Jun Impact factor: 3.170
Authors: Nicholas Dana; Luigi Di Biase; Andrea Natale; Stanislav Emelianov; Richard Bouchard Journal: Heart Rhythm Date: 2013-09-27 Impact factor: 6.343