Toshinori Hasegawa1, Takenori Kato1, Yoshihisa Kida2, Motohiro Hayashi3, Takahiko Tsugawa4, Yoshiyasu Iwai5, Mitsuya Sato6, Hisayo Okamoto7, Tadashige Kano8, Seiki Osano9, Osamu Nagano10, Kiyoshi Nakazaki11. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki; 2. Department of Neurosurgery, Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, Nagoya; 3. Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo; 4. Nagoya Radiosurgery Center, Nagoya Kyoritsu Hospital, Nagoya; 5. Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka; 6. Department of Neurosurgery, Kitanihon Neurosurgical Hospital, Gosen; 7. Department of Neurosurgery, Takashima Hospital, Yonago; 8. Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Mihara Memorial Hospital, Isesaki; 9. Department of Neurosurgery, Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital, Fujisawa; 10. Department of Neurosurgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Ichihara; and. 11. Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Attack Center, Ota Memorial Hospital, Fukuyama, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with facial nerve schwannomas (FNSs). METHODS: This study was a multiinstitutional retrospective analysis of 42 patients with FNSs treated with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at 1 of 10 medical centers of the Japan Leksell Gamma Knife Society (JLGK1301). The median age of the patients was 50 years. Twenty-nine patients underwent GKS as the initial treatment, and 13 patients had previously undergone surgery. At the time of the GKS, 33 (79%) patients had some degree of facial palsy, and 21 (50%) did not retain serviceable hearing. Thirty-five (83%) tumors were solid, and 7 (17%) had cystic components. The median tumor volume was 2.5 cm(3), and the median prescription dose to the tumor margin was 12 Gy. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 48 months. The last follow-up images showed partial remission in 23 patients and stable tumors in 19 patients. Only 1 patient experienced tumor progression at 60 months, but repeat GKS led to tumor shrinkage. The actuarial 3- and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 100% and 92%, respectively. During the follow-up period, 8 patients presented with newly developed or worsened preexisting facial palsy. The condition was transient in 3 of these patients. At the last clinical follow-up, facial nerve function improved in 8 (19%) patients, remained stable in 29 (69%), and worsened in 5 (12%; House-Brackmann Grade III in 4 patients, Grade IV in 1 patient). With respect to hearing function, 18 (90%) of 20 evaluated patients with a pure tone average of ≤ 50 dB before treatment retained serviceable hearing. CONCLUSIONS: GKS is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with either primary or residual FNSs. All patients, including 1 patient who required repeat GKS, achieved good tumor control at the last follow-up. The incidence of newly developed or worsened preexisting facial palsy was 12% at the last clinical follow-up. In addition, the risk of hearing deterioration as an adverse effect of radiation was low. These results suggest that GKS is a safe alternative to resection.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with facial nerve schwannomas (FNSs). METHODS: This study was a multiinstitutional retrospective analysis of 42 patients with FNSs treated with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at 1 of 10 medical centers of the Japan Leksell Gamma Knife Society (JLGK1301). The median age of the patients was 50 years. Twenty-nine patients underwent GKS as the initial treatment, and 13 patients had previously undergone surgery. At the time of the GKS, 33 (79%) patients had some degree of facial palsy, and 21 (50%) did not retain serviceable hearing. Thirty-five (83%) tumors were solid, and 7 (17%) had cystic components. The median tumor volume was 2.5 cm(3), and the median prescription dose to the tumor margin was 12 Gy. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 48 months. The last follow-up images showed partial remission in 23 patients and stable tumors in 19 patients. Only 1 patient experienced tumor progression at 60 months, but repeat GKS led to tumor shrinkage. The actuarial 3- and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 100% and 92%, respectively. During the follow-up period, 8 patients presented with newly developed or worsened preexisting facial palsy. The condition was transient in 3 of these patients. At the last clinical follow-up, facial nerve function improved in 8 (19%) patients, remained stable in 29 (69%), and worsened in 5 (12%; House-Brackmann Grade III in 4 patients, Grade IV in 1 patient). With respect to hearing function, 18 (90%) of 20 evaluated patients with a pure tone average of ≤ 50 dB before treatment retained serviceable hearing. CONCLUSIONS: GKS is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with either primary or residual FNSs. All patients, including 1 patient who required repeat GKS, achieved good tumor control at the last follow-up. The incidence of newly developed or worsened preexisting facial palsy was 12% at the last clinical follow-up. In addition, the risk of hearing deterioration as an adverse effect of radiation was low. These results suggest that GKS is a safe alternative to resection.
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