Ekott Mabel Ikpim1, Udo Atim Edet1, Akpan Ubong Bassey2, Otu Akaninyene Asuquo3, Ekanem Etim Inyang4. 1. Reader, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. 2. Lecturer , Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. 3. Lecturer, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria akanotu@yahoo.com. 4. Lecturer, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is likely to have untoward effects on pregnancy and its outcome. This study assessed the impact of maternal HIV infection on pregnancy outcomes in a tertiary centre in Calabar, Nigeria. METHODS: This retrospective study analysed delivery records of 258 HIV-positive and 257 HIV-negative women for pregnancy and delivery complications. Maternal and fetal outcomes of HIV-positive pregnancies were compared with those of HIV-negative controls. RESULTS: Adverse pregnancy outcomes significantly associated with HIV status were: anaemia: 33 (8.1%) vs. 8 (3.1%) in controls; puerperal sepsis: 18 (7%) vs. 2 (0.8%); and low birth weight: 56 (21.7%) vs. 37 (14.4%). Caesarean delivery was higher among HIV-positive women than controls: 96 (37.2%) vs. 58 (22.6%). Preterm births were higher in those HIV cohorts who did not receive antiretroviral therapy (ART): 13 (16.9%) vs. 7 (3.9%). CONCLUSION: HIV-positive status increased adverse birth outcome of pregnancy. ART appeared to reduce the risk of preterm births in HIV-positive cohorts.
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is likely to have untoward effects on pregnancy and its outcome. This study assessed the impact of maternal HIV infection on pregnancy outcomes in a tertiary centre in Calabar, Nigeria. METHODS: This retrospective study analysed delivery records of 258 HIV-positive and 257 HIV-negative women for pregnancy and delivery complications. Maternal and fetal outcomes of HIV-positive pregnancies were compared with those of HIV-negative controls. RESULTS: Adverse pregnancy outcomes significantly associated with HIV status were: anaemia: 33 (8.1%) vs. 8 (3.1%) in controls; puerperal sepsis: 18 (7%) vs. 2 (0.8%); and low birth weight: 56 (21.7%) vs. 37 (14.4%). Caesarean delivery was higher among HIV-positive women than controls: 96 (37.2%) vs. 58 (22.6%). Preterm births were higher in those HIV cohorts who did not receive antiretroviral therapy (ART): 13 (16.9%) vs. 7 (3.9%). CONCLUSION:HIV-positive status increased adverse birth outcome of pregnancy. ART appeared to reduce the risk of preterm births in HIV-positive cohorts.
Authors: Lisa M Bebell; Joseph Ngonzi; Mark J Siedner; Winnie R Muyindike; Bosco M Bwana; Laura E Riley; Yap Boum; David R Bangsberg; Ingrid V Bassett Journal: AIDS Care Date: 2018-02-16