Ling Lu1, Yuling An2, Ji Zou3, Lin Gu3, Zhixin Zhao3, Xiaohong Zhang3, Chunhua Li4, Chie Kurihara5, Ryota Hokari5, Jun Itakura6, Masayuki Kurosaki6, Namiki Izumi6, Yongshui Fu7, Tatsunori Nakano8, Takanobu Kato9, Francesco Negro10, Guihua Chen11. 1. Laboratory for Hepatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; The Center for Viral Oncology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America. Electronic address: llu@kumc.edu. 2. Department of Liver Transplantation, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 3. Laboratory for Hepatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 4. The Center for Viral Oncology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America. 5. Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. 6. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan. 7. Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 8. Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, Nanakuri Sanatorium, Tsu, Mie, Japan. 9. Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjyuku, Tokyo, Japan. 10. Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and of Clinical pathology, University, Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 11. Department of Liver Transplantation, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: chgh1955@263.net.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: An HCV outbreak occurred in 2012 in China, affecting hundreds of patients. We characterized HCV subtype 2a and 6a sequences from 60 and 102 patients, respectively, and co-analyzed them with 82 local controls and 103 calibrating references. The close grouping of the patients׳ sequences contrasted sharply with the diversity of local controls. Scaled by the calibrating references, the emergence of patients׳ isolates was estimated at 2-5 years before sampling. In contrast, the controls intermingled with the calibrating references that were much older. For both subtypes, the major and minor clusters could be defined, with the closeness to indicate linked transmission. CONCLUSION: HCV sequences from the study patients grouped into three subtype 2a and two subtype 6a clusters, in addition to three 6a solitary branches, representing descendants of eight earlier strains that were distinct and otherwise sporadic. Due to iatrogenic transmission through reusing needles, five strains were highly selected and preferentially spread.
UNLABELLED: An HCV outbreak occurred in 2012 in China, affecting hundreds of patients. We characterized HCV subtype 2a and 6a sequences from 60 and 102 patients, respectively, and co-analyzed them with 82 local controls and 103 calibrating references. The close grouping of the patients׳ sequences contrasted sharply with the diversity of local controls. Scaled by the calibrating references, the emergence of patients׳ isolates was estimated at 2-5 years before sampling. In contrast, the controls intermingled with the calibrating references that were much older. For both subtypes, the major and minor clusters could be defined, with the closeness to indicate linked transmission. CONCLUSION:HCV sequences from the study patients grouped into three subtype 2a and two subtype 6a clusters, in addition to three 6a solitary branches, representing descendants of eight earlier strains that were distinct and otherwise sporadic. Due to iatrogenic transmission through reusing needles, five strains were highly selected and preferentially spread.
Authors: V Guadagnino; T Stroffolini; M Rapicetta; A Costantino; L A Kondili; F Menniti-Ippolito; B Caroleo; C Costa; G Griffo; L Loiacono; V Pisani; A Focà; M Piazza Journal: Hepatology Date: 1997-10 Impact factor: 17.425
Authors: T Kato; A Furusaka; M Miyamoto; T Date; K Yasui; J Hiramoto; K Nagayama; T Tanaka; T Wakita Journal: J Med Virol Date: 2001-07 Impact factor: 2.327
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Authors: Viviana E Ré; Andrés C A Culasso; Silvia Mengarelli; Adrián A Farías; Fabián Fay; María B Pisano; Osvaldo Elbarcha; Marta S Contigiani; Rodolfo H Campos Journal: PLoS One Date: 2011-05-18 Impact factor: 3.240