Gabriella Santangelo1, Carmine Vitale2, Marina Picillo3, Marcello Moccia4, Sofia Cuoco5, Katia Longo6, Domenica Pezzella5, Assunta di Grazia5, Roberto Erro7, Maria Teresa Pellecchia3, Marianna Amboni6, Luigi Trojano8, Paolo Barone9. 1. Department of Psychology, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy; IDC-Hermitage-Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. 2. IDC-Hermitage-Capodimonte, Naples, Italy; University Parthenope, Naples, Italy. 3. Neurodegenerative Diseases Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy. 4. Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. 5. Department of Psychology, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy. 6. IDC-Hermitage-Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. 7. Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, London, UK; Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche e del Movimento, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy. 8. Department of Psychology, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy. Electronic address: luigi.trojano@unina2.it. 9. Neurodegenerative Diseases Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy. Electronic address: pbarone@unisa.it.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In PD, Mild Cognitive Impairment (PD-MCI) occurs since early stages of disease. The aims were to assess presence of PD-MCI in untreated, drug-naive PD patients, and to follow-up the sample over 4 years to ascertain evolution of neurocognitive profile. METHODS: Seventy-six patients underwent neuropsychological testing at baseline (T0), and after 2 (T1:n = 62) and 4 years (T2:n = 55). Diagnosis of PD-MCI and PD-associated dementia (PDD) was made according to current consensus criteria. RESULTS: PD-MCI occurred in 25/76 patients (32.9%) at baseline, and 4 of them reverted from PD-MCI to Normal Cognition (Reverters), 7 remained stable (Non-Reverters) and 2 developed PDD at T2; 12 patients were lost to the follow-up. Among the 51 patients with normal cognition (PD-CN) at T0, 27 had normal cognition at T2 (5 of them were Reverters with respect to diagnosis at T1), 5 had MCI at T1 and T2 (Non-Reverters), 9 had MCI at T2 only, whereas 1 developed PDD; 9 patients were lost to the follow-up. At baseline, Reverters (n = 9) had younger age at onset and better performance on constructional visuospatial task than Non-Reverters (n = 12). Compared to patients without PD-MCI at all evaluations (n = 19), Reverters had poorer performance on verbal immediate recall and attention tasks and higher level of apathy at T0. Reduced performance on the Stroop Test at baseline predicted PD-MCI at T2. CONCLUSION: Executive dysfunctions predicted development of PD-MCI after few years from onset. Reversal from PD-MCI to PD-CN was related to young age at onset and high level of apathy at baseline evaluation.
INTRODUCTION: In PD, Mild Cognitive Impairment (PD-MCI) occurs since early stages of disease. The aims were to assess presence of PD-MCI in untreated, drug-naive PD patients, and to follow-up the sample over 4 years to ascertain evolution of neurocognitive profile. METHODS: Seventy-six patients underwent neuropsychological testing at baseline (T0), and after 2 (T1:n = 62) and 4 years (T2:n = 55). Diagnosis of PD-MCI and PD-associated dementia (PDD) was made according to current consensus criteria. RESULTS:PD-MCI occurred in 25/76 patients (32.9%) at baseline, and 4 of them reverted from PD-MCI to Normal Cognition (Reverters), 7 remained stable (Non-Reverters) and 2 developed PDD at T2; 12 patients were lost to the follow-up. Among the 51 patients with normal cognition (PD-CN) at T0, 27 had normal cognition at T2 (5 of them were Reverters with respect to diagnosis at T1), 5 had MCI at T1 and T2 (Non-Reverters), 9 had MCI at T2 only, whereas 1 developed PDD; 9 patients were lost to the follow-up. At baseline, Reverters (n = 9) had younger age at onset and better performance on constructional visuospatial task than Non-Reverters (n = 12). Compared to patients without PD-MCI at all evaluations (n = 19), Reverters had poorer performance on verbal immediate recall and attention tasks and higher level of apathy at T0. Reduced performance on the Stroop Test at baseline predicted PD-MCI at T2. CONCLUSION: Executive dysfunctions predicted development of PD-MCI after few years from onset. Reversal from PD-MCI to PD-CN was related to young age at onset and high level of apathy at baseline evaluation.
Authors: Kelly A Mills; Zoltan Mari; Gregory M Pontone; Alexander Pantelyat; Angela Zhang; Nadine Yoritomo; Emma Powers; Jason Brandt; Ted M Dawson; Liana S Rosenthal Journal: Parkinsonism Relat Disord Date: 2016-09-27 Impact factor: 4.891