Mycofabrication of common plasmonic colloids, theoretical considerations, mechanism and potential applications.

A coupling of the plasmon on the surface of metal nanoparticles with an incident photon enhances a broad range of useful optical phenomena, such as resonant light scattering (RLS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) or Raman scattering. Due to these unique optical properties plasmonic nanostructures of different sizes and shapes have gained increasing popularity in areas such as cancer diagnosis, photothermal therapy as well as the imaging of living cells, detection of pathogens, biomolecules, metal ions, and the catalysis of various reactions in wet chemistry. This article reviews the current trends in the synthesis of plasmonic nanoparticles, particularly gold (AuNPs) and silver (AgNPs), using fungi as well as the proposed mechanisms for their mycofabrication. We provide an overview of the theoretical concepts of plasmonic nanoparticles which are sensitive electromagnetic responses that determine these nanoparticles applications.