[On "2015 Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis". Osteoporosis associated with lifestyle-related diseases: other lifestyle-related diseases].

Lifestyle-related diseases other than type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease have also been reported in recent studies to have a possible effect on bone metabolism. In particular, evidence is accumulating regarding decreases in bone mineral density and an increased risk of fracture due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In COPD, the fracture risk increases in both men and women, and the condition is considered a risk factor independent of glucocorticoid administration. Moreover, since kyphosis resulting from vertebral fractures adversely affects respiratory function, assessment of osteoporosis is recommended for all patients with COPD, regardless of sex. As for dyslipidemia and hypertension, due to the possible involvement of various factors, no consensus has been reached regarding the effects of the condition itself on bone.