Barbara de Moura Mello Antunes1, Paula Alves Monteiro2, Loreana Sanches Silveira3, Claudia de Carvalho Brunholi4, Fábio Santos Lira5, Ismael Forte Freitas Júnior6. 1. Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo.. ba.antunes2@gmail.com. 2. Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo. Study Center and Laboratory of Assessment and Prescription of motor activity, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo (Brazil).. paulinha__1003@hotmail.com. 3. Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo.. loreana_loly@hotmail.com. 4. Study Center and Laboratory of Assessment and Prescription of motor activity, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo (Brazil).. claudia_brunholi@hotmail.com. 5. Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo.. fabiolira@fct.unesp.br. 6. Study Center and Laboratory of Assessment and Prescription of motor activity, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo (Brazil).. ismael.freitas@pq.cnpq.br.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: condition of hypoxia caused by hypertrophy of adipose cells in obesity triggers macrophages recruitment and production of cytokines. Additionally, high consumption of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and high glycemic index meals may contribute to oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation by increases NF-kB activation. Thus, the aim of the study was to analyze the contribution of the macronutrients intake in the metabolic and inflammatory profile, by levels of lipoproteins, insulin resistance, anti and pro inflammatory cytokines, in obese adolescents according the gender. METHODS: sample was composed by 37 adolescents, both genders, identified as obese by body mass index (BMI). Body composition was assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and measures of intra-abdominal adiposity (IAAT) and subcutaneous adiposity tissue (SAT) were done by ultrasound. Biochemical analyses were done and the measurement of cytokines; fatty acids and insulin were performed by the technique of immunoassay ELISA. The estimation of macronutrients consumption was made by 3 day food register regarding food intake. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 5% and the statistical software SPSS version 17.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL) performed all analyses. RESULTS: BMI (p = 0.316), FM (p = 0.416), IAAT (p = 0.505) and SAT (p = 0.935) presented similarities between genders. Cytokines and metabolic variables values were similar between the groups. Only in the male group, metabolic variables and cytokines were significant correlated with the consumption of total lipids or its fractions. Was observed that insulin concentration had significant interaction with MUFA(g) (= -18.4; p = 0.004) and adiponectin with CHO(g) (= -58.2; p = 0.032) in the group male and female, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: macronutrients intake is associated with low-grade inflammation in obesity, by production of inflammatory cytokines and alteration of the lipid profile, especially male obese adolescents which seem to be more responsive of this consumption when compared with female obese adolescents. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: condition of hypoxia caused by hypertrophy of adipose cells in obesity triggers macrophages recruitment and production of cytokines. Additionally, high consumption of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and high glycemic index meals may contribute to oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation by increases NF-kB activation. Thus, the aim of the study was to analyze the contribution of the macronutrients intake in the metabolic and inflammatory profile, by levels of lipoproteins, insulin resistance, anti and pro inflammatory cytokines, in obese adolescents according the gender. METHODS: sample was composed by 37 adolescents, both genders, identified as obese by body mass index (BMI). Body composition was assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and measures of intra-abdominal adiposity (IAAT) and subcutaneous adiposity tissue (SAT) were done by ultrasound. Biochemical analyses were done and the measurement of cytokines; fatty acids and insulin were performed by the technique of immunoassay ELISA. The estimation of macronutrients consumption was made by 3 day food register regarding food intake. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 5% and the statistical software SPSS version 17.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL) performed all analyses. RESULTS: BMI (p = 0.316), FM (p = 0.416), IAAT (p = 0.505) and SAT (p = 0.935) presented similarities between genders. Cytokines and metabolic variables values were similar between the groups. Only in the male group, metabolic variables and cytokines were significant correlated with the consumption of total lipids or its fractions. Was observed that insulin concentration had significant interaction with MUFA(g) (= -18.4; p = 0.004) and adiponectin with CHO(g) (= -58.2; p = 0.032) in the group male and female, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: macronutrients intake is associated with low-grade inflammation in obesity, by production of inflammatory cytokines and alteration of the lipid profile, especially male obese adolescents which seem to be more responsive of this consumption when compared with female obese adolescents. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.