Qi Huang1, Jinshuo Fan1, Xin Qian1,2, Zhilei Lv1, Xiuxiu Zhang1, Jieli Han1, Feng Wu1, Caiyun Chen1,3, Jiao Du1,4, Mengfei Guo1, Guorong Hu1, Yang Jin5. 1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China. 2. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 98 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China. 3. Department of Respiratory, the First Hospital of Xi'an City, Xi'an, 710002, Shanxi, People's Republic of China. 4. Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, 201-209 Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, Fujian, People's Republic of China. 5. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China. whuhjy@126.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C isoform 2 (RORC2) is regarded as a pathogenic factor for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and tumours. Previous studies have primarily focused on RORC2 expression in IL-17-producing immune cells but not in carcinoma cells; thus, little is known about the roles of RORC2 in the progression of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we analysed the expression of RORC2 and its participation in tumour progression in NSCLC. METHODS: RORC2 expression in NSCLC and adjacent normal lung tissues was assessed via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. RORC2 expression in NSCLC cell lines was examined by qRT-PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry. The effects of inhibiting RORC2 activity on the proliferation of NSCLC cells were evaluated. The prognostic value of RORC2 for NSCLC was revealed based on Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: High RORC2 expression was observed in lung cancer tissues and was significantly related to age (p = 0.013) and regional lymph node metastasis (p = 0.009). RORC2 expression was higher in the A549, H460, SPC-A1 and H1299 cell lines than in a control cell line. In addition, cell proliferation was decreased in NSCLC cells upon the blocking of RORC2 activity using a specific inhibitor. High RORC2 expression correlated with worse overall survival (p = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that RORC2 is expressed by lung cancer cells and greatly contributes to tumour cell proliferation and overall survival in NSCLC. These findings strongly imply that RORC2 is associated with tumour progression.
BACKGROUND: Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C isoform 2 (RORC2) is regarded as a pathogenic factor for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and tumours. Previous studies have primarily focused on RORC2 expression in IL-17-producing immune cells but not in carcinoma cells; thus, little is known about the roles of RORC2 in the progression of humannon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we analysed the expression of RORC2 and its participation in tumour progression in NSCLC. METHODS: RORC2 expression in NSCLC and adjacent normal lung tissues was assessed via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. RORC2 expression in NSCLC cell lines was examined by qRT-PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry. The effects of inhibiting RORC2 activity on the proliferation of NSCLC cells were evaluated. The prognostic value of RORC2 for NSCLC was revealed based on Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: High RORC2 expression was observed in lung cancer tissues and was significantly related to age (p = 0.013) and regional lymph node metastasis (p = 0.009). RORC2 expression was higher in the A549, H460, SPC-A1 and H1299 cell lines than in a control cell line. In addition, cell proliferation was decreased in NSCLC cells upon the blocking of RORC2 activity using a specific inhibitor. High RORC2 expression correlated with worse overall survival (p = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that RORC2 is expressed by lung cancer cells and greatly contributes to tumour cell proliferation and overall survival in NSCLC. These findings strongly imply that RORC2 is associated with tumour progression.
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