Soraia Pinheiro Machado Arruda1, Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva2, Gilberto Kac3, Ana Amélia Freitas Vilela3, Marcelo Goldani4, Heloisa Bettiol5, Marco Antônio Barbieri5. 1. Department of Nutrition, State University of Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Coordination of Nutrition Course, Itapery, Fortaleza, CE, 60740-000, Brazil. soraia.arruda@uece.br. 2. Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, Rua Barão de Itapary, 155, Centro, São Luís, MA, 65.020-070, Brazil. 3. Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 367, CCS - Bloco J - 2º andar, sala 29, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 4. Department of Pediatrics and Puericulture, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, Bom Fim, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil. 5. Department of Pediatrics and Puericulture, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to investigate whether dietary patterns are associated with excess weight and abdominal obesity among young adults (23-25 years). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2061 participants of a birth cohort from Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, started in 1978-1979. Twenty-seven subjects with caloric intake outside ±3 standard deviation range were excluded, leaving 2034 individuals. Excess weight was defined as body mass index (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)), abdominal obesity as waist circumference (WC > 80 cm for women; >90 cm for men) and waist/hip ratio (WHR > 0.85 for women; >0.90 for men). Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment was used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle variables. Four dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis: healthy, traditional Brazilian, bar and energy dense. RESULTS: In the adjusted analysis, the bar pattern was associated with a higher prevalence of excess weight (PR 1.46; 95 % CI 1.23-1.73) and abdominal obesity based on WHR (PR 2.19; 95 % CI 1.59-3.01). The energy-dense pattern was associated with a lower prevalence of excess weight (PR 0.73; 95 % CI 0.61-0.88). Men with greater adherence to the traditional Brazilian pattern showed a lower prevalence of excess weight (PR 0.65; 95 % CI 0.51-0.82), but no association was found for women. There was no association between the healthy pattern and excess weight/abdominal obesity. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, the bar pattern was associated with higher prevalences of excess weight and abdominal obesity, while the energy-dense (for both genders) and traditional Brazilian (only for men) patterns were associated with lower prevalences of excess weight.
PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to investigate whether dietary patterns are associated with excess weight and abdominal obesity among young adults (23-25 years). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2061 participants of a birth cohort from Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, started in 1978-1979. Twenty-seven subjects with caloric intake outside ±3 standard deviation range were excluded, leaving 2034 individuals. Excess weight was defined as body mass index (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)), abdominal obesity as waist circumference (WC > 80 cm for women; >90 cm for men) and waist/hip ratio (WHR > 0.85 for women; >0.90 for men). Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment was used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle variables. Four dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis: healthy, traditional Brazilian, bar and energy dense. RESULTS: In the adjusted analysis, the bar pattern was associated with a higher prevalence of excess weight (PR 1.46; 95 % CI 1.23-1.73) and abdominal obesity based on WHR (PR 2.19; 95 % CI 1.59-3.01). The energy-dense pattern was associated with a lower prevalence of excess weight (PR 0.73; 95 % CI 0.61-0.88). Men with greater adherence to the traditional Brazilian pattern showed a lower prevalence of excess weight (PR 0.65; 95 % CI 0.51-0.82), but no association was found for women. There was no association between the healthy pattern and excess weight/abdominal obesity. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, the bar pattern was associated with higher prevalences of excess weight and abdominal obesity, while the energy-dense (for both genders) and traditional Brazilian (only for men) patterns were associated with lower prevalences of excess weight.
Entities:
Keywords:
Abdominal obesity; Dietary patterns; Excess weight; Young adults
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