Britni R Belcher1, David Berrigan1, Alexia Papachristopoulou1, Sheila M Brady1, Shanna B Bernstein1, Robert J Brychta1, Jacob D Hattenbach1, Ira L Tigner1, Amber B Courville1, Bart E Drinkard1, Kevin P Smith1, Douglas R Rosing1, Pamela L Wolters1, Kong Y Chen1, Jack A Yanovski1. 1. Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (B.R.B., D.B.), and Pediatric Oncology Branch (P.L.W.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9762; Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (B.R.B., A.P., S.M.B., I.L.T., J.A.Y.), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1103; Nutrition (S.B.B., A.B.C.), Rehabilitation Medicine (B.E.D.), and Nursing (K.P.S.) Departments, Hatfield Clinical Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch (R.J.B., J.D.H., K.Y.C.), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2560; and Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch (D.R.R.), National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Limited data suggest that interrupting sedentary behaviors with activity improves metabolic parameters in adults. OBJECTIVE: We tested whether interrupting sitting with short, moderate-intensity walking bouts improved glucose tolerance in children. DESIGN:Participants underwent two experimental conditions in random order on different days: continuous sitting for 3 hours or sitting interrupted by walking (3 min of moderate-intensity walking every 30 min). Insulin, C-peptide, glucose, and free fatty acids were measured every 30 minutes for 3 hours during an oral glucose tolerance test. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated from hormone and substrate measurements. Children were given a buffet meal after each condition. SETTING: The study was conducted at the National Institutes of Health Hatfield Clinical Research Center. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-eight normal-weight 7-11 year olds participated. MAIN OUTCOMES: Patterns of substrate/hormone secretion and AUC, as well as energy intake, were examined by experimental condition. RESULTS: Interrupting sitting resulted in a 32% lower insulin AUC (P < .001), 17% lower C-peptide AUC (P < .001), and 7% lower glucose AUC (P = .018) vs continuous sitting. Mixed model results indicated that insulin (P = .036) and free fatty acid concentrations (P = .009) were significantly lower in the interrupted vs the continuous sitting condition. Lunchtime buffet meal energy intake did not significantly differ between the conditions (975 ± 387 vs 963 ± 309 kcal; P = .85). CONCLUSIONS:Interrupting sedentary time with brief moderate-intensity walking improved short-term metabolic function in non-overweight children without increasing subsequent energy intake. These findings suggest that interrupting sedentary behavior may be a promising prevention strategy for reducing cardiometabolic risk in children.
RCT Entities:
CONTEXT: Limited data suggest that interrupting sedentary behaviors with activity improves metabolic parameters in adults. OBJECTIVE: We tested whether interrupting sitting with short, moderate-intensity walking bouts improved glucose tolerance in children. DESIGN:Participants underwent two experimental conditions in random order on different days: continuous sitting for 3 hours or sitting interrupted by walking (3 min of moderate-intensity walking every 30 min). Insulin, C-peptide, glucose, and free fatty acids were measured every 30 minutes for 3 hours during an oral glucose tolerance test. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated from hormone and substrate measurements. Children were given a buffet meal after each condition. SETTING: The study was conducted at the National Institutes of Health Hatfield Clinical Research Center. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-eight normal-weight 7-11 year olds participated. MAIN OUTCOMES: Patterns of substrate/hormone secretion and AUC, as well as energy intake, were examined by experimental condition. RESULTS: Interrupting sitting resulted in a 32% lower insulin AUC (P < .001), 17% lower C-peptide AUC (P < .001), and 7% lower glucose AUC (P = .018) vs continuous sitting. Mixed model results indicated that insulin (P = .036) and free fatty acid concentrations (P = .009) were significantly lower in the interrupted vs the continuous sitting condition. Lunchtime buffet meal energy intake did not significantly differ between the conditions (975 ± 387 vs 963 ± 309 kcal; P = .85). CONCLUSIONS: Interrupting sedentary time with brief moderate-intensity walking improved short-term metabolic function in non-overweight children without increasing subsequent energy intake. These findings suggest that interrupting sedentary behavior may be a promising prevention strategy for reducing cardiometabolic risk in children.
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