An instantly usable paper-based screen-printed solid-state KCl/Ag/AgCl reference electrode with long-term stability.

An instantly usable screen-printed paper-based Ag/AgCl electrode was fabricated for use as a cost-effective disposable reference electrode. The reference electrode showed potential stability for approximately 75 h. The setup time, which is less than 1 min, is much shorter than those for similar previously reported electrodes.