Benedikt Christopher Spies1, Julian Nold2, Kirstin Vach3, Ralf-Joachim Kohal2. 1. Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: benedikt.spies@uniklinik-freiburg.de. 2. Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Freiburg, Germany. 3. Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Medical Biometry and Medical Informatics, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Freiburg, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the fracture resistance of two-piece zirconia oral implants after long-term thermomechanical cycling in an aqueous environment. Non-loaded samples and a one-piece implant system served as control groups. METHODS: A total of 48 zirconia implants were evaluated: 16 one-piece implants (ATZ; Group A) and 32 differently connected two-piece implants (16 screwed, Group B; 16 bonded, Group C) made of Y-TZP-A (implant+abutment; B) and Y-TZP-A/ATZ (implant/abutment; C), respectively. These groups were divided into two subgroups composed of 8 samples. The samples of subgroups 1 (A1, B1, C1) were not exposed to any cyclic loading, whereas subgroups 2 (A2, B2, C2) were loaded with 10 million cycles (98 N). Subsequently, all 48 implants were statically loaded to fracture. RESULTS: A constant load on distinct lever arms resulted in different exerted bending moments during the dynamic loading (A2: 23.4Ncm, B2: 17.9 Ncm, C2: 32.3 Ncm). All implants survived the long-term thermomechanical cycling. For the static loading the following average bending moments were calculated: A1/A2: 362/399 Ncm; B1/B2: 398/346 Ncm; C1/C2: 380/252 Ncm. Foregoing dynamic loading significantly increased fracture resistance of Group A implants, whereas Group B/C implants showed significantly decreased values. Potentially owed to the experimental setup in an aqueous environment of 60 °C, 5/8 C2 samples showed mobility between implant and abutment due to debonding after dynamic loading conditions. SIGNIFICANCE: The evaluated ceramic implant systems seem to be able to resist physiological chewing forces long-term. Within the limitations of the experimental setup, the connecting mechanism of Group C implants might be a weak point.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the fracture resistance of two-piece zirconia oral implants after long-term thermomechanical cycling in an aqueous environment. Non-loaded samples and a one-piece implant system served as control groups. METHODS: A total of 48 zirconia implants were evaluated: 16 one-piece implants (ATZ; Group A) and 32 differently connected two-piece implants (16 screwed, Group B; 16 bonded, Group C) made of Y-TZP-A (implant+abutment; B) and Y-TZP-A/ATZ (implant/abutment; C), respectively. These groups were divided into two subgroups composed of 8 samples. The samples of subgroups 1 (A1, B1, C1) were not exposed to any cyclic loading, whereas subgroups 2 (A2, B2, C2) were loaded with 10 million cycles (98 N). Subsequently, all 48 implants were statically loaded to fracture. RESULTS: A constant load on distinct lever arms resulted in different exerted bending moments during the dynamic loading (A2: 23.4Ncm, B2: 17.9 Ncm, C2: 32.3 Ncm). All implants survived the long-term thermomechanical cycling. For the static loading the following average bending moments were calculated: A1/A2: 362/399 Ncm; B1/B2: 398/346 Ncm; C1/C2: 380/252 Ncm. Foregoing dynamic loading significantly increased fracture resistance of Group A implants, whereas Group B/C implants showed significantly decreased values. Potentially owed to the experimental setup in an aqueous environment of 60 °C, 5/8 C2 samples showed mobility between implant and abutment due to debonding after dynamic loading conditions. SIGNIFICANCE: The evaluated ceramic implant systems seem to be able to resist physiological chewing forces long-term. Within the limitations of the experimental setup, the connecting mechanism of Group C implants might be a weak point.
Authors: Felix Burkhardt; Markus Harlass; Erik Adolfsson; Kirstin Vach; Benedikt Christopher Spies; Ralf-Joachim Kohal Journal: Materials (Basel) Date: 2021-04-23 Impact factor: 3.623
Authors: Rubén Agustín-Panadero; Blanca Serra-Pastor; Ana Roig-Vanaclocha; Antonio Fons-Font; María Fernanda Solá-Ruiz Journal: PLoS One Date: 2019-08-08 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Frank Akito Spitznagel; Marc Balmer; Daniel B Wiedemeier; Ronald Ernst Jung; Petra Christine Gierthmuehlen Journal: Clin Oral Implants Res Date: 2021-11-05 Impact factor: 5.021