Raúl Ferrer-Peña1, Alfonso Gil-Martínez2, Joaquín Pardo-Montero3, Virginia Jiménez-Penick4, Tomás Gallego-Izquierdo5, Roy La Touche6. 1. Centro de Salud Entrevías, Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Servicio Madrileño de Salud, Madrid, España; Grupo de Investigación Motion in Brains de «Ciencias del Movimiento, Bioconducta y Estudio del Dolor», Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España. Electronic address: raul.ferrer@salud.madrid.org. 2. Grupo de Investigación Motion in Brains de «Ciencias del Movimiento, Bioconducta y Estudio del Dolor», Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, España; Instituto de Neurociencia y dolor Craneofacial (INDCRAN), Madrid, España; Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España. 3. Grupo de Investigación Motion in Brains de «Ciencias del Movimiento, Bioconducta y Estudio del Dolor», Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, España; Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España. 4. Ejercicio libre de la profesión en Clínica Bonn, Madrid, España. 5. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España. 6. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, España; Instituto de Neurociencia y dolor Craneofacial (INDCRAN), Madrid, España; Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To adapt the Graded Chronic Pain Scale for use in Primary care patients in Spain, and to assess its psychometric properties. METHODS: Clinical measures observational study investigating the severity of chronic pain. The methodology included a process of translation and back-translation following the international guidelines. Study participants were 75 patients who experienced lower back pain for more than six months and were sent to Primary Care physiotherapy units. Internal consistency, construct validity, test-retest reliability, floor and ceiling effects, and answering capacity were analysed. RESULTS: The Spanish version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale had a high internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.87 and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.81. Regarding construct validity, it was identified that two factors explained 72.37% of the variance. Convergent validity showed a moderate positive correlation with the Visual Analogue Scale, the activity avoidance subscale of the Tampa Scale of Kinesophobia, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Roland-Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire, and the FearAvoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. A moderate negative correlation was identified with the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale. The mean time of questionnaire administration was 2minutes and 28seconds. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale appears to be a valid, reliable, and useful tool for measuring chronic pain at an early stage in Primary Care settings in Spain.
OBJECTIVE: To adapt the Graded Chronic Pain Scale for use in Primary care patients in Spain, and to assess its psychometric properties. METHODS: Clinical measures observational study investigating the severity of chronic pain. The methodology included a process of translation and back-translation following the international guidelines. Study participants were 75 patients who experienced lower back pain for more than six months and were sent to Primary Care physiotherapy units. Internal consistency, construct validity, test-retest reliability, floor and ceiling effects, and answering capacity were analysed. RESULTS: The Spanish version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale had a high internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.87 and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.81. Regarding construct validity, it was identified that two factors explained 72.37% of the variance. Convergent validity showed a moderate positive correlation with the Visual Analogue Scale, the activity avoidance subscale of the Tampa Scale of Kinesophobia, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Roland-Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire, and the FearAvoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. A moderate negative correlation was identified with the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale. The mean time of questionnaire administration was 2minutes and 28seconds. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale appears to be a valid, reliable, and useful tool for measuring chronic pain at an early stage in Primary Care settings in Spain.
Keywords:
Atención primaria de salud; Chronic pain; Dolor crónico; Dolor de la región lumbar; Escalas; Estudios de validación; Low back pain; Primary health care; Scales; Severity of illness index; Traducción; Translations; Validation studies; Índice de severidad de la enfermedad
Authors: Brooke Y Kauffman; Andrew H Rogers; Jafar Bakhshaie; Nubia A Mayorga; Monica Garza; Melissa Ochoa-Perez; Chad Lemaire; Michael J Zvolensky Journal: J Immigr Minor Health Date: 2019-12
Authors: Juan Carlos Velez; Lauren E Friedman; Clarita Barbosa; Jessica Castillo; Diana L Juvinao-Quintero; Michelle A Williams; Bizu Gelaye Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-05-19 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Silvia Navarro-Prado; María Angustias Sánchez-Ojeda; Adelina Martín-Salvador; Trinidad Luque-Vara; Elisabet Fernández-Gómez; Elena Caro-Morán Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-08-12 Impact factor: 3.390