Georg Fieseler1, Philipp Jungermann2,3, Alexander Koke3, Lars Irlenbusch3, Karl-Stefan Delank3, René Schwesig3. 1. Center for Orthopedic Surgery (ZOC), Burckhardtstrasse 60, 34346, Hann. Muenden, Germany. dr.fieseler@zoc-hann-muenden.de. 2. Center for Orthopedic Surgery (ZOC), Burckhardtstrasse 60, 34346, Hann. Muenden, Germany. 3. Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study was to investigate the relation of workload on range of motion and isometric strength of team handball athletes' shoulders over a competitive season. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 31 Professional male handball athletes underwent clinical shoulder examinations. Athletes were examined subsequently during the complete playing season (week 0, 6, 22 and 40) to determine bilateral isometric shoulder rotational strength and active range of motion (ROM). In addition, relative (intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and absolute (standard error of measurement) reliability were calculated. RESULTS: Intraobserver reliability was excellent (ICC 0.76-0.98) for isometric strength and flexibility measurements. Internal rotation (IR) and total arc ROM in the throwing shoulder (TS) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in both sequences (week 22 to week 40, week 0 to week 40). External rotation (ER) ROM and isometric strength in IR and ER did not change significantly. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and external rotation gain (ERG) of the TS decreased significantly between week 22 and week 40, but both did not change overall (week 0 to week 40). There was significant influence on IR ROM (week 22 to week 40) and strength in ER (week 0 to week 40) in the non-throwing shoulder. CONCLUSIONS: Several characteristics of handball players' shoulders changed significantly from the beginning to the end of a season. More specifically, the repetitive forces accumulated during the competitive season resulted in altered GIRD, ERG and isometric strength of the dominant glenohumeral joint.
INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study was to investigate the relation of workload on range of motion and isometric strength of team handball athletes' shoulders over a competitive season. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 31 Professional male handball athletes underwent clinical shoulder examinations. Athletes were examined subsequently during the complete playing season (week 0, 6, 22 and 40) to determine bilateral isometric shoulder rotational strength and active range of motion (ROM). In addition, relative (intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and absolute (standard error of measurement) reliability were calculated. RESULTS: Intraobserver reliability was excellent (ICC 0.76-0.98) for isometric strength and flexibility measurements. Internal rotation (IR) and total arc ROM in the throwing shoulder (TS) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in both sequences (week 22 to week 40, week 0 to week 40). External rotation (ER) ROM and isometric strength in IR and ER did not change significantly. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and external rotation gain (ERG) of the TS decreased significantly between week 22 and week 40, but both did not change overall (week 0 to week 40). There was significant influence on IR ROM (week 22 to week 40) and strength in ER (week 0 to week 40) in the non-throwing shoulder. CONCLUSIONS: Several characteristics of handball players' shoulders changed significantly from the beginning to the end of a season. More specifically, the repetitive forces accumulated during the competitive season resulted in altered GIRD, ERG and isometric strength of the dominant glenohumeral joint.
Keywords:
External rotation gain (ERG); Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD); Intraobserver reliability; Team handball; Thrower’s shoulder
Authors: Georg Fieseler; Kevin Laudner; Julia Sendler; Jakob Cornelius; Stephan Schulze; Wolfgang Lehmann; Souhail Hermassi; Karl-Stefan Delank; René Schwesig Journal: JSES Int Date: 2022-02-18
Authors: Georg Fieseler; Kevin G Laudner; Lars Irlenbusch; Henrike Meyer; Stephan Schulze; Karl-Stefan Delank; Souhail Hermassi; Thomas Bartels; René Schwesig Journal: J Exerc Rehabil Date: 2017-12-27
Authors: Federico Pozzi; Hillary A Plummer; Ellen Shanley; Charles A Thigpen; Chase Bauer; Melissa L Wilson; Lori A Michener Journal: Br J Sports Med Date: 2020-01-14 Impact factor: 13.800