Fred S Sarfo1, John Akassi2, Dominic Awuah3, Sheila Adamu3, Clara Nkyi3, Mayowa Owolabi4, Bruce Ovbiagele5. 1. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. Electronic address: stephensarfo78@gmail.com. 2. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. 3. Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. 4. University College of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. 5. Medical University of South Carolina, SC, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Accumulating data based on model-derived estimates suggest rising rates of stroke in sub-Saharan Africa over the next several decades. Stroke is a leading cause of death, disability, and dementia worldwide. Directly enumerated hospital-based data on the longitudinal trajectory of stroke admissions and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa could help hospital administrators, public health officials, and government policy-makers with planning and utilization of scarce resources. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 30-year trends in stroke admission and mortality rates in central Ghana. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective analysis of data on stroke admissions and mortality at a tertiary referral hospital in central Ghana between 1983 and 2013. Rates of stroke admissions and mortality were expressed as stroke admissions or deaths divided by total number of hospital admissions or deaths respectively. Yearly crude case fatality from stroke was calculated and predictors of stroke mortality were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS: Over the period, there were 12,233 stroke admissions with equal gender distribution. The rate of stroke admissions increased progressively from 5.32/1000 admissions in 1983 to 13.85/1000 admissions in 2010 corresponding to a 260% rise over the period. Stroke mortality rates also increased from 3.40/1000 deaths to 6.66/1000 deaths over the 30-year period. The average 28-day mortality over the period was 41.1%. Predictors of in-patient mortality were increasing age-aHR of 1.31 (1.16-1.47) for age>80years compared with <40years and admissions in 2000's compared with 1980's; aHR of 1.32 (1.26-1.39). Of the 1132 stroke patients with neuroimaging data: 569 (50.3%) had intracerebral hemorrhage, 382 (33.7%) had ischemic stroke and 181 (16.0) had sub-arachnoid hemorrhage. Patients with ischemic stroke were significantly older than those with ICH and SAH respectively. CONCLUSION: Rates of stroke admission and mortality have increased steadily over the past three decades in central Ghana. More intensive risk modification and optimization of acute stroke care are urgently needed to stem these worrisome trends.
BACKGROUND: Accumulating data based on model-derived estimates suggest rising rates of stroke in sub-Saharan Africa over the next several decades. Stroke is a leading cause of death, disability, and dementia worldwide. Directly enumerated hospital-based data on the longitudinal trajectory of stroke admissions and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa could help hospital administrators, public health officials, and government policy-makers with planning and utilization of scarce resources. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 30-year trends in stroke admission and mortality rates in central Ghana. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective analysis of data on stroke admissions and mortality at a tertiary referral hospital in central Ghana between 1983 and 2013. Rates of stroke admissions and mortality were expressed as stroke admissions or deaths divided by total number of hospital admissions or deaths respectively. Yearly crude case fatality from stroke was calculated and predictors of stroke mortality were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS: Over the period, there were 12,233 stroke admissions with equal gender distribution. The rate of stroke admissions increased progressively from 5.32/1000 admissions in 1983 to 13.85/1000 admissions in 2010 corresponding to a 260% rise over the period. Stroke mortality rates also increased from 3.40/1000 deaths to 6.66/1000 deaths over the 30-year period. The average 28-day mortality over the period was 41.1%. Predictors of in-patient mortality were increasing age-aHR of 1.31 (1.16-1.47) for age>80years compared with <40years and admissions in 2000's compared with 1980's; aHR of 1.32 (1.26-1.39). Of the 1132 strokepatients with neuroimaging data: 569 (50.3%) had intracerebral hemorrhage, 382 (33.7%) had ischemic stroke and 181 (16.0) had sub-arachnoid hemorrhage. Patients with ischemic stroke were significantly older than those with ICH and SAH respectively. CONCLUSION: Rates of stroke admission and mortality have increased steadily over the past three decades in central Ghana. More intensive risk modification and optimization of acute stroke care are urgently needed to stem these worrisome trends.
Authors: Fred Stephen Sarfo; Gloria Kyem; Bruce Ovbiagele; John Akassi; Osei Sarfo-Kantanka; Martin Agyei; Elizabeth Badu; Nathaniel Adusei Mensah Journal: J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis Date: 2016-09-14 Impact factor: 2.136
Authors: Fred Stephen Sarfo; Manolo Agbenorku; Sheila Adamu; Vida Obese; Patrick Berchie; Bruce Ovbiagele Journal: J Neurol Sci Date: 2019-07-23 Impact factor: 3.181
Authors: Fred Stephen Sarfo; Ohene Opare-Sem; Martin Agyei; John Akassi; Dorcas Owusu; Mayowa Owolabi; Bruce Ovbiagele Journal: J Neurol Sci Date: 2018-09-20 Impact factor: 3.181
Authors: Fred Stephen Sarfo; John Akassi; Sheila Adamu; Vida Obese; Bruce Ovbiagele Journal: J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis Date: 2017-06-23 Impact factor: 2.136
Authors: Fred Stephen Sarfo; Linda Meta Mobula; Titus Adade; Yvonne Commodore-Mensah; Martin Agyei; Collins Kokuro; Rexford Adu-Gyamfi; Christiana Duah; Bruce Ovbiagele Journal: J Neurol Sci Date: 2020-03-04 Impact factor: 3.181