[Discovery and clinical application of mutations in the cancer genome].

Cancer genome/epigenome analyses have identified a wide array of somatic mutations that can confer cancer cell characteristics. These genomic/epigenomic alterations can be targeted for cancer treatment, and, indeed, inhibitors against oncogenic protein-tyrosine kinases have been proved clinically effective. Other types of molecularly targeted therapies, such as epigenetic modifiers, are currently under clinical testing. In addition to the discovery of such driver mutations, profiling of genome/epigenome in cancer becomes especially important in the selection of most appropriate drug in for given cancer patient.