Chun-Man Yuen1, Sheng-Ying Chung2, Tzu-Hsien Tsai2, Pei-Hsun Sung2, Tien-Hung Huang2, Yi-Ling Chen2, Yung-Lung Chen2, Han-Tan Chai2, Yen-Yi Zhen2, Meng-Wei Chang3, Ching-Jen Wang4, Hsueh-Wen Chang5, Cheuk-Kwan Sun6, Hon-Kan Yip7. 1. Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan. 3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan. 4. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan. 5. Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. 6. Department of Emergency Medicine, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan. 7. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan ; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan ; Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan ; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of shock wave (SW) on brain-infarction volume (BIV) and neurological function in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) by left internal carotid artery occlusion in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: SD rats (n=48) were divided into group 1 [sham-control (SC)], group 2 [SC-ECSW (energy dosage of 0.15 mJ/mm(2)/300 impulses)], group 3 (AIS), and group 4 (AIS-ECSW) and sacrificed by day 28 after IS induction. In normal rats, caspase-3, Bax and TNF-α biomarkers did not differ between animals with and without ECSW therapy, whereas Hsp70 was activated post-ECSW treatment. By day 21 after AIS, Sensorimotor-functional test identified a higher frequency of turning movement to left in group 3 than that in group 4 (P<0.05). By day 28, brain MRI demonstrated lager BIV in group 3 than that in group 4 (P<0.001). Angiogenesis biomarkers at cellular (CD31, α-SMA+) and protein (eNOS) levels and number of neuN+ cells were higher in groups 1 and 2 than those in groups 3 and 4, and higher in group 4 than those in group 3, whereas VEGF and Hsp70 levels were progressively increased from groups 1 and 2 to group 4 (all P<0.001). Protein expressions of apoptosis (Bax, caspase 3, PARP), inflammation (MMP-9, TNF-α), oxidative stress (NOX-1, NOX-2, oxidized protein) and DNA-damage marker (γ-H2AX), and expressions of γ-H2AX+, GFAP+, AQP-4+ cells showed an opposite pattern compared to that of angiogenesis among the four groups (all P<0.001). CONCLUSION: ECSW therapy was safe and effective in reducing BIV and improved neurological function.
BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of shock wave (SW) on brain-infarction volume (BIV) and neurological function in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) by left internal carotid artery occlusion in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: SD rats (n=48) were divided into group 1 [sham-control (SC)], group 2 [SC-ECSW (energy dosage of 0.15 mJ/mm(2)/300 impulses)], group 3 (AIS), and group 4 (AIS-ECSW) and sacrificed by day 28 after IS induction. In normal rats, caspase-3, Bax and TNF-α biomarkers did not differ between animals with and without ECSW therapy, whereas Hsp70 was activated post-ECSW treatment. By day 21 after AIS, Sensorimotor-functional test identified a higher frequency of turning movement to left in group 3 than that in group 4 (P<0.05). By day 28, brain MRI demonstrated lager BIV in group 3 than that in group 4 (P<0.001). Angiogenesis biomarkers at cellular (CD31, α-SMA+) and protein (eNOS) levels and number of neuN+ cells were higher in groups 1 and 2 than those in groups 3 and 4, and higher in group 4 than those in group 3, whereas VEGF and Hsp70 levels were progressively increased from groups 1 and 2 to group 4 (all P<0.001). Protein expressions of apoptosis (Bax, caspase 3, PARP), inflammation (MMP-9, TNF-α), oxidative stress (NOX-1, NOX-2, oxidized protein) and DNA-damage marker (γ-H2AX), and expressions of γ-H2AX+, GFAP+, AQP-4+ cells showed an opposite pattern compared to that of angiogenesis among the four groups (all P<0.001). CONCLUSION: ECSW therapy was safe and effective in reducing BIV and improved neurological function.
Authors: Kenneth Rockwood; Heather Davis; Chris MacKnight; Robert Vandorpe; Serge Gauthier; Antonio Guzman; Patrick Montgomery; Sandra Black; David B Hogan; Andrew Kertesz; Remi Bouchard; Howard Feldman Journal: Can J Neurol Sci Date: 2003-08 Impact factor: 2.104
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