Khurshid A Guru1, Somayeh B Shafiei2, Atif Khan3, Ahmed A Hussein4, Mohamed Sharif3, Ehsan T Esfahani2. 1. Department of Urology, Applied Technology Laboratory for Advanced Surgery (ATLAS) Program at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY. Electronic address: Khurshid.guru@roswellpark.org. 2. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Human in the Loop System Laboratory, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY. 3. Department of Urology, Applied Technology Laboratory for Advanced Surgery (ATLAS) Program at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY. 4. Department of Urology, Applied Technology Laboratory for Advanced Surgery (ATLAS) Program at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Department of Urology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To understand cognitive function of an expert surgeon in various surgical scenarios while performing robot-assisted surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In an Internal Review Board approved study, National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) questionnaire with surgical field notes were simultaneously completed. A wireless electroencephalography (EEG) headset was used to monitor brain activity during all procedures. Three key portions were evaluated: lysis of adhesions, extended lymph node dissection, and urethro-vesical anastomosis (UVA). Cognitive metrics extracted were distraction, mental workload, and mental state. RESULTS: In evaluating lysis of adhesions, mental state (EEG) was associated with better performance (NASA-TLX). Utilizing more mental resources resulted in better performance as self-reported. Outcomes of lysis were highly dependent on cognitive function and decision-making skills. In evaluating extended lymph node dissection, there was a negative correlation between distraction level (EEG) and mental demand, physical demand and effort (NASA-TLX). Similar to lysis of adhesion, utilizing more mental resources resulted in better performance (NASA-TLX). Lastly, with UVA, workload (EEG) negatively correlated with mental and temporal demand and was associated with better performance (NASA-TLX). The EEG recorded workload as seen here was a combination of both cognitive performance (finding solution) and motor workload (execution). Majority of workload was contributed by motor workload of an expert surgeon. During UVA, muscle memory and motor skills of expert are keys to completing the UVA. CONCLUSION: Cognitive analysis shows that expert surgeons utilized different mental resources based on their need.
OBJECTIVE: To understand cognitive function of an expert surgeon in various surgical scenarios while performing robot-assisted surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In an Internal Review Board approved study, National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) questionnaire with surgical field notes were simultaneously completed. A wireless electroencephalography (EEG) headset was used to monitor brain activity during all procedures. Three key portions were evaluated: lysis of adhesions, extended lymph node dissection, and urethro-vesical anastomosis (UVA). Cognitive metrics extracted were distraction, mental workload, and mental state. RESULTS: In evaluating lysis of adhesions, mental state (EEG) was associated with better performance (NASA-TLX). Utilizing more mental resources resulted in better performance as self-reported. Outcomes of lysis were highly dependent on cognitive function and decision-making skills. In evaluating extended lymph node dissection, there was a negative correlation between distraction level (EEG) and mental demand, physical demand and effort (NASA-TLX). Similar to lysis of adhesion, utilizing more mental resources resulted in better performance (NASA-TLX). Lastly, with UVA, workload (EEG) negatively correlated with mental and temporal demand and was associated with better performance (NASA-TLX). The EEG recorded workload as seen here was a combination of both cognitive performance (finding solution) and motor workload (execution). Majority of workload was contributed by motor workload of an expert surgeon. During UVA, muscle memory and motor skills of expert are keys to completing the UVA. CONCLUSION: Cognitive analysis shows that expert surgeons utilized different mental resources based on their need.
Authors: Chuhao Wu; Jackie Cha; Jay Sulek; Chandru P Sundaram; Juan Wachs; Robert W Proctor; Denny Yu Journal: Appl Ergon Date: 2020-09-19 Impact factor: 3.661
Authors: Zhuoqi Cheng; Diego Dall'Alba; Simone Foti; Andrea Mariani; Thibaud Chupin; Darwin G Caldwell; Giancarlo Ferrigno; Elena De Momi; Leonardo S Mattos; Paolo Fiorini Journal: Front Robot AI Date: 2019-07-17