Sandra M A Dijkstra-Kersten1, Kate Sitnikova2, Harm W J van Marwijk2, Marloes M J G Gerrits2, Johannes C van der Wouden2, Brenda W J H Penninx3, Henriëtte E van der Horst2, Stephanie S Leone4. 1. Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, EMGO institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: s.kersten@vumc.nl. 2. Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, EMGO institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Public Mental Health, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to examine somatisation as a risk factor for the onset of depressive and anxiety disorders. METHODS: 4-year follow-up data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), a multisite cohort study of the course of depression and anxiety, was analysed. Participants (18-65 years) without a lifetime depressive or anxiety disorder at baseline were included (n=611). Somatisation was measured at baseline with the somatisation subscale of the 4 Dimensional Symptoms Questionnaire. Onset of depression and anxiety was assessed with the CIDI interview at 2-year and 4-year follow-up. RESULTS: Somatisation was a risk factor for the incidence of depression [Hazard Ratio per unit increase (HR); 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.13; 1.09-1.17] and anxiety [HR; 95% CI: 1.14; 1.09-1.18]. Associations attenuated but remained statistically significant after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, chronic somatic disorders, and baseline levels of (subclinical) depressive or anxiety symptoms [adjusted HR for depression; 95% CI: 1.06; 1.00-1.12, adjusted HR for anxiety; 95% CI: 1.13; 1.07-1.20]. CONCLUSION: Persons who somatise have an increased risk of becoming depressed or anxious in subsequent years, over and above baseline levels of depressive or anxiety symptoms. They may represent a target group for prevention of depressive and anxiety disorders.
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to examine somatisation as a risk factor for the onset of depressive and anxiety disorders. METHODS: 4-year follow-up data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), a multisite cohort study of the course of depression and anxiety, was analysed. Participants (18-65 years) without a lifetime depressive or anxiety disorder at baseline were included (n=611). Somatisation was measured at baseline with the somatisation subscale of the 4 Dimensional Symptoms Questionnaire. Onset of depression and anxiety was assessed with the CIDI interview at 2-year and 4-year follow-up. RESULTS: Somatisation was a risk factor for the incidence of depression [Hazard Ratio per unit increase (HR); 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.13; 1.09-1.17] and anxiety [HR; 95% CI: 1.14; 1.09-1.18]. Associations attenuated but remained statistically significant after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, chronic somatic disorders, and baseline levels of (subclinical) depressive or anxiety symptoms [adjusted HR for depression; 95% CI: 1.06; 1.00-1.12, adjusted HR for anxiety; 95% CI: 1.13; 1.07-1.20]. CONCLUSION:Persons who somatise have an increased risk of becoming depressed or anxious in subsequent years, over and above baseline levels of depressive or anxiety symptoms. They may represent a target group for prevention of depressive and anxiety disorders.
Authors: María Del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes; María Del Mar Molero Jurado; África Martos Martínez; María Del Mar Simón Márquez; Nieves Fátima Oropesa Ruiz; José Jesús Gázquez Linares Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2020-03-08 Impact factor: 2.692