Kavita Vinekar1, Nicolas Schaad, Mentor Ali Ber Lucien, Eyal Leshem, Ikwo K Oboho, Gerard Joseph, Stanley Juin, Fatimah S Dawood, Umesh Parashar, Mark A Katz, Rania A Tohme. 1. From the *Hubert Global Health Fellowship, †Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; ‡Laboratoire National de Sante Publique, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Port-au-Prince, Haiti; §Epidemic Intelligence Service, ¶Division of Viral Diseases, ‖Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; **Surveillance and Epidemic-Prone Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Port-au-Prince, Haiti; and ††Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Respiratory and diarrheal diseases are leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children younger than 5 years in developing countries. Data on the burden of these diseases in Haiti are scarce. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of hospital admission registries during January 1, 2011-December 31, 2013 for children younger than 5 years in 6 hospitals in Haiti. We recorded the number of all-cause, respiratory and diarrheal disease admissions and deaths by epidemiologic week and age. RESULTS: A total of 31,565 hospital admissions and 1763 deaths were recorded among children aged <5 years during the study period. Respiratory diseases accounted for 9183 (29%) hospitalizations and 301 (17%) deaths. Children aged 6-23 months had the highest percentage of hospitalizations attributable to respiratory diseases (38%), whereas children aged 36-47 months had the highest proportion of deaths attributable to respiratory diseases (37%). Respiratory disease hospitalizations followed a bimodal seasonal pattern, with peaks during May-June and October-December. Diarrheal diseases accounted for 8063 (26%) hospitalizations and 224 (13%) deaths. Children aged 6-11 months had the highest percentage of diarrhea-associated hospitalizations (39%) and deaths (29%). Diarrheal disease admissions peaked in January-April before the rainy season. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory and diarrheal diseases contributed to more than half of hospitalizations and almost a third of deaths in children younger than 5 years in Haiti. These data are essential to assess the impact of pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines and other interventions in Haiti.
BACKGROUND: Respiratory and diarrheal diseases are leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children younger than 5 years in developing countries. Data on the burden of these diseases in Haiti are scarce. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of hospital admission registries during January 1, 2011-December 31, 2013 for children younger than 5 years in 6 hospitals in Haiti. We recorded the number of all-cause, respiratory and diarrheal disease admissions and deaths by epidemiologic week and age. RESULTS: A total of 31,565 hospital admissions and 1763 deaths were recorded among children aged <5 years during the study period. Respiratory diseases accounted for 9183 (29%) hospitalizations and 301 (17%) deaths. Children aged 6-23 months had the highest percentage of hospitalizations attributable to respiratory diseases (38%), whereas children aged 36-47 months had the highest proportion of deaths attributable to respiratory diseases (37%). Respiratory disease hospitalizations followed a bimodal seasonal pattern, with peaks during May-June and October-December. Diarrheal diseases accounted for 8063 (26%) hospitalizations and 224 (13%) deaths. Children aged 6-11 months had the highest percentage of diarrhea-associated hospitalizations (39%) and deaths (29%). Diarrheal disease admissions peaked in January-April before the rainy season. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory and diarrheal diseases contributed to more than half of hospitalizations and almost a third of deaths in children younger than 5 years in Haiti. These data are essential to assess the impact of pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines and other interventions in Haiti.
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