Influence of resistant starches on chemical and functional properties of tarhana.

Two different commercial resistant starches (RSa and RSb) were used in tarhana formulation on the basis of its replacement with wheat flour at 15, 30 and 45 % levels. Color values, some chemical, functional and sensory properties of tarhana were determined. Tarhana containing 30-45 % RSa gave lower darkness and yellowness compared to other samples. Increasing levels of RSa/RSb in tarhana formulation decreased protein and Fe, K, Mg, P and Zn content of the final products. Development in acidity was negatively affected above 30 % RS addition level. Although long fermentation period of tarhana dough, RS content of the tarhana samples changed between 5.4 and 26.2 %. Control tarhana was found to have 0.9 % RS content. Cooked viscosity decreased in tarhana soup with RS addition from 1,454 cP (control) to 166 cP. RSb showed more remarkable effect on cooked viscosity than RSa. High levels of RSa improved foaming capacity, foam stability, water and oil absorption capacity of the tarhana samples. RSa successfully incorporated into tarhana formulation up to 30 % level with minimum adverse effect on chemical and sensory properties.