Mark D Peterson1, Chandramouli Krishnan2. 1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: mdpeterz@med.umich.edu. 2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Muscle strength preservation may play an important role in protecting against cardiometabolic diseases, functional decline, musculoskeletal deterioration, and early all-cause mortality. However, sex-specific strength growth charts and curves using data from a U.S.-representative sample and clinically feasible measurement remain to be established. METHODS: A sample of 7,119 individuals, aged 6-80 years, was included from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Analyses were performed in 2015. Grip strength was assessed using a hydraulic handheld dynamometer; peak force values were normalized per body mass. Parametric quantile regression was used to determine unique normalized and absolute strength percentiles for men and women. Responses were fitted with a parametric model, involving six powers of age. RESULTS: Growth charts and curves were created using output from the quantile regression from reference values of normalized and absolute grip strength corresponding to the fifth, tenth, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles across all ages. For men, there was a small drop in normalized strength at age 6 years followed by quick growth until about age 25 years. Among women, normalized strength grew gradually until about age 15 years. For both men and women, normalized strength declined throughout middle age and later adulthood; however, these rates were greater among men. More-pronounced patterns of growth and decline were observed for absolute strength in men and women. CONCLUSIONS: The established strength quantiles can easily be incorporated into a clinical setting for screening individuals that would benefit from lifestyle interventions to improve muscular fitness and reduce health risks.
INTRODUCTION: Muscle strength preservation may play an important role in protecting against cardiometabolic diseases, functional decline, musculoskeletal deterioration, and early all-cause mortality. However, sex-specific strength growth charts and curves using data from a U.S.-representative sample and clinically feasible measurement remain to be established. METHODS: A sample of 7,119 individuals, aged 6-80 years, was included from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Analyses were performed in 2015. Grip strength was assessed using a hydraulic handheld dynamometer; peak force values were normalized per body mass. Parametric quantile regression was used to determine unique normalized and absolute strength percentiles for men and women. Responses were fitted with a parametric model, involving six powers of age. RESULTS: Growth charts and curves were created using output from the quantile regression from reference values of normalized and absolute grip strength corresponding to the fifth, tenth, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles across all ages. For men, there was a small drop in normalized strength at age 6 years followed by quick growth until about age 25 years. Among women, normalized strength grew gradually until about age 15 years. For both men and women, normalized strength declined throughout middle age and later adulthood; however, these rates were greater among men. More-pronounced patterns of growth and decline were observed for absolute strength in men and women. CONCLUSIONS: The established strength quantiles can easily be incorporated into a clinical setting for screening individuals that would benefit from lifestyle interventions to improve muscular fitness and reduce health risks.
Authors: Anne B Newman; Varant Kupelian; Marjolein Visser; Eleanor M Simonsick; Bret H Goodpaster; Stephen B Kritchevsky; Frances A Tylavsky; Susan M Rubin; Tamara B Harris Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2006-01 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Enrique G Artero; Jonatan R Ruiz; Francisco B Ortega; Vanesa España-Romero; Germán Vicente-Rodríguez; Dénes Molnar; Frederic Gottrand; Marcela González-Gross; Christina Breidenassel; Luis A Moreno; Angel Gutiérrez Journal: Pediatr Diabetes Date: 2011-04-06 Impact factor: 4.866
Authors: Rose Anne Kenny; Robert F Coen; John Frewen; Orna A Donoghue; Hilary Cronin; George M Savva Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2013-05 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Martijn A Spruit; Maurice J H Sillen; Miriam T J Groenen; Emiel F M Wouters; Frits M E Franssen Journal: J Am Med Dir Assoc Date: 2013-08-16 Impact factor: 4.669
Authors: Daniel Dylan Cohen; Diego Gómez-Arbeláez; Paul Anthony Camacho; Sandra Pinzon; Claudia Hormiga; Juanita Trejos-Suarez; John Duperly; Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-04-08 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Dawn E Alley; Michelle D Shardell; Katherine W Peters; Robert R McLean; Thuy-Tien L Dam; Anne M Kenny; Maren S Fragala; Tamara B Harris; Douglas P Kiel; Jack M Guralnik; Luigi Ferrucci; Stephen B Kritchevsky; Stephanie A Studenski; Maria T Vassileva; Peggy M Cawthon Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2014-05 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Mark D Peterson; Ryan McGrath; Peng Zhang; Kyriakos S Markides; Soham Al Snih; Rebeca Wong Journal: J Am Med Dir Assoc Date: 2016-07-19 Impact factor: 4.669
Authors: Boris Cheval; Matthieu P Boisgontier; Dan Orsholits; Stefan Sieber; Idris Guessous; Rainer Gabriel; Silvia Stringhini; David Blane; Bernadette W A van der Linden; Matthias Kliegel; Claudine Burton-Jeangros; Delphine S Courvoisier; Stéphane Cullati Journal: Age Ageing Date: 2018-05-01 Impact factor: 10.668
Authors: Luigi Ferrucci; Rachel Cooper; Michelle Shardell; Eleanor M Simonsick; Jennifer A Schrack; Diana Kuh Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2016-03-14 Impact factor: 6.053