BACKGROUND: The energy-burning capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) makes it an attractive target for use in anti-obesity therapies. Moreover, due to its ability to oxidize glucose and lipids, BAT activation has been considered a potential therapy to combat type 2 diabetes and atherogenesis. SUMMARY: BAT is mainly regulated by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS); yet, recent findings have shown a group of novel activators that act independently of the stimulation of the SNS such as cardiac natriuretic peptides, irisin, interleukin-6, β-aminoisobutyric acid and fibroblast growth factor 21 that could influence BAT metabolism. Several strategies are being examined to activate and recruit BAT with no side effects. In this review, we postulate that exercise might activate and recruit human BAT through the activation of SNS, heart and skeletal muscle. KEY MESSAGES: Epidemiological and well-designed exercise-based randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify if exercise is able to activate BAT in humans.
BACKGROUND: The energy-burning capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) makes it an attractive target for use in anti-obesity therapies. Moreover, due to its ability to oxidize glucose and lipids, BAT activation has been considered a potential therapy to combat type 2 diabetes and atherogenesis. SUMMARY: BAT is mainly regulated by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS); yet, recent findings have shown a group of novel activators that act independently of the stimulation of the SNS such as cardiac natriuretic peptides, irisin, interleukin-6, β-aminoisobutyric acid and fibroblast growth factor 21 that could influence BAT metabolism. Several strategies are being examined to activate and recruit BAT with no side effects. In this review, we postulate that exercise might activate and recruit human BAT through the activation of SNS, heart and skeletal muscle. KEY MESSAGES: Epidemiological and well-designed exercise-based randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify if exercise is able to activate BAT in humans.
Authors: Maria Andrea Barbosa; Renata Guerra-Sá; Uberdan Guilherme Mendes De Castro; Wanderson Geraldo de Lima; Robson Augusto Souza Dos Santos; Maria José Campagnole-Santos; Andréia Carvalho Alzamora Journal: J Physiol Biochem Date: 2018-05-25 Impact factor: 4.158
Authors: Anand Thirupathi; Bruno Luiz da Silva Pieri; João Annibal Milano Peixoto Queiroz; Matheus Scarpatto Rodrigues; Gustavo de Bem Silveira; Daniela Roxo de Souza; Thais Fernandes Luciano; Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira; Claudio Teodoro De Souza Journal: J Physiol Biochem Date: 2019-02-02 Impact factor: 4.158
Authors: Danielle Wolfs; Matthew D Lynes; Yu-Hua Tseng; Stephanie Pierce; Valerie Bussberg; Abena Darkwah; Vladimir Tolstikov; Niven R Narain; Michael C Rudolph; Michael A Kiebish; Ellen W Demerath; David A Fields; Elvira Isganaitis Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2021-01-23 Impact factor: 5.958