Varicocele treatment in paediatric age: relationship between type of vein reflux, surgical technique used and outcomes.

Varicocele is the first andrological disease in adolescent males. The aim of this study was to report our experience with different techniques. We retrospectively analysed patients treated between January 2005 and January 2011. Inclusion criteria for the study were created. Patients were treated with different techniques based on the type of spermatic vein reflux detected on Doppler velocimetry. The following rates were considered as study endpoints: hydrocele rate, rate of relapses, rate of persistence and rate of testicular atrophy. During the study period, 522 surgical varicocelectomies were performed. Patients were treated with videolaparoscopy, open inguinal technique, subinguinal technique and one-trocar transumbilical technique. The laparoscopic and the subinguinal techniques showed a lower rate of hydrocele, and the laparoscopic technique had a lower rate of relapses. Choosing a technique based on the type of spermatic vein reflux can reduce the post-operative complications. The laparoscopic techniques had a lower rate of relapses with respect to other techniques.