Treatment of massive subretinal hematoma associated with age-related macular degeneration using vitrectomy with intentional giant tear.

The purpose of this study was to report the surgical outcomes after creating a 120° intentional giant retinal tear for use in removing hemorrhage and subretinal proliferative tissue in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) or age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). This study involved 12 eyes of 12 patients (10 eyes: PCV, 2 eyes: ARMD). After removal of the lens in phakic eyes, we performed a vitrectomy with artificial posterior vitreous detachment. Subsequently, a 120° intentional giant retinal tear was created in the temporal periphery, the retina was then turned, and the subretinal hemorrhage and proliferative tissue were removed. In order to preserve as much of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as possible, we used a bimanual technique under direct visualization. After stretching the retina by use of perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL), we performed endophotocoagulation around the tear followed by PFCL/silicone oil exchange. Except for 1 eye in which extensive loss of the RPE occurred, the fundus findings and the visual acuity (VA) improved in all patients. In addition, postoperative VA improved to ≥20/50 in 3 eyes in which the macular RPE was preserved. This surgical procedure is an effective treatment for PCV or ARMD patients with extensive subretinal hemorrhage and proliferative tissue.