B G Matthews1, H Roguljic1, T Franceschetti1, E Roeder1, I Matic1, I Vidovic2, P Joshi3, K-Y Kum4,5, I Kalajzic1. 1. Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA. 2. Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA. 3. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. 4. Division of endodontology, Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA. 5. Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cementum and bone are similar mineralized tissues, but cementum accumulates much more slowly than bone, does not have vasculature or innervation and does not undergo remodeling. Despite these differences, there are no well-established markers to distinguish cementoblasts from other mature mineralizing cells such as osteoblasts and odontoblasts. The purpose of this study was to assess differences in gene expression between cementoblasts and osteoblasts using gene profiling of cell populations isolated directly from osteocalcin-green fluorescent protein (OC-GFP) transgenic mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: OC-GFP reporter mice were used as they show labeling of cementoblasts, osteoblasts and odontoblasts, but not of periodontal ligament fibroblasts, within the periodontium. We sorted cells digested from the molar root surface to isolate OC-GFP(+) cementoblasts. Osteoblasts were isolated from calvarial digests. Microarray analysis was performed, and selected results were confirmed by real-time PCR and immunostaining or in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Microarray analysis identified 95 genes that were expressed at least two-fold higher in cementoblasts than in osteoblasts. Our analysis indicated that the Wnt signaling pathway was differentially regulated, as were genes related to skeletal development. Real-time PCR confirmed that expression of the Wnt inhibitors Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (Wif1) and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (Sfrp1) was elevated in cementoblasts compared with osteoblasts, and Wif1 expression was localized to the apical root region. In addition, the transcription factor BARX homeobox 1 (Barx1) was expressed at higher levels in cementoblasts, and immunohistochemistry indicated that BARX1 was expressed in apical cementoblasts and cementocytes, but not in osteoblasts or odontoblasts. CONCLUSION: The OC-GFP mouse provides a good model for selectively isolating cementoblasts, and allowed for identification of differentially expressed genes between cementoblasts and osteoblasts.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cementum and bone are similar mineralized tissues, but cementum accumulates much more slowly than bone, does not have vasculature or innervation and does not undergo remodeling. Despite these differences, there are no well-established markers to distinguish cementoblasts from other mature mineralizing cells such as osteoblasts and odontoblasts. The purpose of this study was to assess differences in gene expression between cementoblasts and osteoblasts using gene profiling of cell populations isolated directly from osteocalcin-green fluorescent protein (OC-GFP) transgenic mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS:OC-GFP reporter mice were used as they show labeling of cementoblasts, osteoblasts and odontoblasts, but not of periodontal ligament fibroblasts, within the periodontium. We sorted cells digested from the molar root surface to isolate OC-GFP(+) cementoblasts. Osteoblasts were isolated from calvarial digests. Microarray analysis was performed, and selected results were confirmed by real-time PCR and immunostaining or in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Microarray analysis identified 95 genes that were expressed at least two-fold higher in cementoblasts than in osteoblasts. Our analysis indicated that the Wnt signaling pathway was differentially regulated, as were genes related to skeletal development. Real-time PCR confirmed that expression of the Wnt inhibitors Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (Wif1) and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (Sfrp1) was elevated in cementoblasts compared with osteoblasts, and Wif1 expression was localized to the apical root region. In addition, the transcription factor BARX homeobox 1 (Barx1) was expressed at higher levels in cementoblasts, and immunohistochemistry indicated that BARX1 was expressed in apical cementoblasts and cementocytes, but not in osteoblasts or odontoblasts. CONCLUSION: The OC-GFP mouse provides a good model for selectively isolating cementoblasts, and allowed for identification of differentially expressed genes between cementoblasts and osteoblasts.
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Authors: Martina Rauner; Ines Foessl; Melissa M Formosa; Erika Kague; Vid Prijatelj; Nerea Alonso Lopez; Bodhisattwa Banerjee; Dylan Bergen; Björn Busse; Ângelo Calado; Eleni Douni; Yankel Gabet; Natalia García Giralt; Daniel Grinberg; Nika M Lovsin; Xavier Nogues Solan; Barbara Ostanek; Nathan J Pavlos; Fernando Rivadeneira; Ivan Soldatovic; Jeroen van de Peppel; Bram van der Eerden; Wim van Hul; Susanna Balcells; Janja Marc; Sjur Reppe; Kent Søe; David Karasik Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Date: 2021-11-30 Impact factor: 5.555