Xerophthalmia in school children.

The prevalence of xerophthalmia was studied in 5135 school children of Jodhpur ranging between 6 and 16 years of age. The total prevalence of xerophthalmia was found to be 9.89%. Night blindness (XN) and milder conjunctival form (XIA, XIB) of the disease were predominantly prevalent in the studied population. Corneal disease (X2, X3A, X3B) was found in 8 cases and xerophthalmia scar (XS) in only one case. Recognition of early xerophthalmia and urgent vitamin A therapy is of paramount importance to preclude the onset of the corneal stage and irreversible blindness. It is suggested that xerophthalmia screening be made an essential component of routine medical check-up in schools with XN (night blindness with or without conjunctival xerosis) and XIB (Bitot's spots) used as criterion for screening to effectuate early detection and treatment of xerophthalmia.