Omar A Al-Louzi1, Pavan Bhargava1, Scott D Newsome1, Laura J Balcer2, Elliot M Frohman3, Ciprian Crainiceanu4, Peter A Calabresi1, Shiv Saidha5. 1. Department of Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Disorders, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, USA. 2. Department of Neurology, New York University-Langone Medical Center, USA. 3. Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern, USA. 4. Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA. 5. Department of Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Disorders, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, USA ssaidha2@jhmi.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell+inner plexiform (GCIP) layer thinning following multiple sclerosis-related acute optic neuritis (AON) is well described. However, whether AON results in changes in the inner nuclear (INL), outer plexiform (OPL), outer nuclear (ONL) and/or photoreceptor segment (PS) layers remains undetermined. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper is to determine if INL+OPL and/or ONL+PS changes occur following AON. METHODS: Thirty-three AON patients underwent serial optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual function testing (mean follow-up: 25 months). Longitudinal changes in retinal layer thickness were analyzed using mixed-effects linear regression. RESULTS: Four months following AON, the mean decrease in GCIP thickness relative to baseline was 11.4% (p < 0.001). At four months, a concomitant 3.4% increase in average ONL+PS thickness was observed (p < 0.001). The percentage decrease in GCIP thickness and increase in ONL+PS thickness were strongly correlated (r = -0.70; p < 0.001). Between months 4 to 12, ONL+PS thickness declined and, at 12 months, was no longer significantly different from baseline (mean change: 0.5%; p = 0.37). Similar, albeit less robust, changes in the INL+OPL were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Following AON, dynamic changes occur in the deep retinal layers, which are proportional to GCIP thinning. These novel findings help further our understanding of the biological and/or anatomical sequelae resulting from AON.
BACKGROUND: Retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell+inner plexiform (GCIP) layer thinning following multiple sclerosis-related acute optic neuritis (AON) is well described. However, whether AON results in changes in the inner nuclear (INL), outer plexiform (OPL), outer nuclear (ONL) and/or photoreceptor segment (PS) layers remains undetermined. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper is to determine if INL+OPL and/or ONL+PS changes occur following AON. METHODS: Thirty-three AONpatients underwent serial optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual function testing (mean follow-up: 25 months). Longitudinal changes in retinal layer thickness were analyzed using mixed-effects linear regression. RESULTS: Four months following AON, the mean decrease in GCIP thickness relative to baseline was 11.4% (p < 0.001). At four months, a concomitant 3.4% increase in average ONL+PS thickness was observed (p < 0.001). The percentage decrease in GCIP thickness and increase in ONL+PS thickness were strongly correlated (r = -0.70; p < 0.001). Between months 4 to 12, ONL+PS thickness declined and, at 12 months, was no longer significantly different from baseline (mean change: 0.5%; p = 0.37). Similar, albeit less robust, changes in the INL+OPL were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Following AON, dynamic changes occur in the deep retinal layers, which are proportional to GCIP thinning. These novel findings help further our understanding of the biological and/or anatomical sequelae resulting from AON.
Authors: Stephanie B Syc; Shiv Saidha; Scott D Newsome; John N Ratchford; Michael Levy; E'tona Ford; Ciprian M Crainiceanu; Mary K Durbin; Jonathan D Oakley; Scott A Meyer; Elliot M Frohman; Peter A Calabresi Journal: Brain Date: 2011-10-17 Impact factor: 13.501
Authors: Scott D Walter; Hiroshi Ishikawa; Kristin M Galetta; Reiko E Sakai; Daniel J Feller; Sam B Henderson; James A Wilson; Maureen G Maguire; Steven L Galetta; Elliot Frohman; Peter A Calabresi; Joel S Schuman; Laura J Balcer Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2012-02-23 Impact factor: 12.079
Authors: Shiv Saidha; Stephanie B Syc; Mohamed A Ibrahim; Christopher Eckstein; Christina V Warner; Sheena K Farrell; Jonathan D Oakley; Mary K Durbin; Scott A Meyer; Laura J Balcer; Elliot M Frohman; Jason M Rosenzweig; Scott D Newsome; John N Ratchford; Quan D Nguyen; Peter A Calabresi Journal: Brain Date: 2011-01-20 Impact factor: 13.501
Authors: Richard Fairless; Sarah K Williams; Dorit B Hoffmann; Aleksandar Stojic; Sonja Hochmeister; Frank Schmitz; Maria K Storch; Ricarda Diem Journal: J Neurosci Date: 2012-04-18 Impact factor: 6.167
Authors: Shiv Saidha; Elias S Sotirchos; Mohamed A Ibrahim; Ciprian M Crainiceanu; Jeffrey M Gelfand; Yasir J Sepah; John N Ratchford; Jiwon Oh; Michaela A Seigo; Scott D Newsome; Laura J Balcer; Elliot M Frohman; Ari J Green; Quan D Nguyen; Peter A Calabresi Journal: Lancet Neurol Date: 2012-10-04 Impact factor: 44.182
Authors: Elias S Sotirchos; Shiv Saidha; Gita Byraiah; Maureen A Mealy; Mohamed A Ibrahim; Yasir Jamal Sepah; Scott D Newsome; John N Ratchford; Elliot M Frohman; Laura J Balcer; Ciprian M Crainiceanu; Quan Dong Nguyen; Michael Levy; Peter A Calabresi Journal: Neurology Date: 2013-03-20 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Chris H Polman; Stephen C Reingold; Brenda Banwell; Michel Clanet; Jeffrey A Cohen; Massimo Filippi; Kazuo Fujihara; Eva Havrdova; Michael Hutchinson; Ludwig Kappos; Fred D Lublin; Xavier Montalban; Paul O'Connor; Magnhild Sandberg-Wollheim; Alan J Thompson; Emmanuelle Waubant; Brian Weinshenker; Jerry S Wolinsky Journal: Ann Neurol Date: 2011-02 Impact factor: 10.422
Authors: Prejaas Tewarie; Lisanne Balk; Fiona Costello; Ari Green; Roland Martin; Sven Schippling; Axel Petzold Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-04-19 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Magí Andorrà; Salut Alba-Arbalat; Anna Camos-Carreras; Iñigo Gabilondo; Elena Fraga-Pumar; Ruben Torres-Torres; Irene Pulido-Valdeolivas; Ana I Tercero-Uribe; Ana M Guerrero-Zamora; Santiago Ortiz-Perez; Irati Zubizarreta; Nuria Sola-Valls; Sara Llufriu; Maria Sepulveda; Eugenia Martinez-Hernandez; Thais Armangue; Yolanda Blanco; Pablo Villoslada; Bernardo Sanchez-Dalmau; Albert Saiz; Elena H Martinez-Lapiscina Journal: JAMA Neurol Date: 2020-02-01 Impact factor: 18.302
Authors: Natalia Gonzalez Caldito; Shiv Saidha; Elias S Sotirchos; Blake E Dewey; Norah J Cowley; Jeffrey Glaister; Kathryn C Fitzgerald; Omar Al-Louzi; James Nguyen; Alissa Rothman; Esther Ogbuokiri; Nicholas Fioravante; Sydney Feldman; Ohemaa Kwakyi; Hunter Risher; Dorlan Kimbrough; Teresa C Frohman; Elliot Frohman; Laura Balcer; Ciprian Crainiceanu; Peter C M Van Zijl; Ellen M Mowry; Daniel S Reich; Jiwon Oh; Dzung L Pham; Jerry Prince; Peter A Calabresi Journal: Brain Date: 2018-11-01 Impact factor: 13.501
Authors: Joachim Havla; T Kümpfel; R Schinner; M Spadaro; E Schuh; E Meinl; R Hohlfeld; O Outteryck Journal: J Neurol Date: 2016-11-14 Impact factor: 4.849
Authors: Rafael B de Araújo; Maria K Oyamada; Leandro C Zacharias; Leonardo P Cunha; Rony C Preti; Mário L R Monteiro Journal: Front Neurol Date: 2017-12-04 Impact factor: 4.003
Authors: Raed Behbehani; Abdullah Abu Al-Hassan; Ali Al-Salahat; Devarajan Sriraman; J D Oakley; Raed Alroughani Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-02-13 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Elias S Sotirchos; Natalia Gonzalez Caldito; Angeliki Filippatou; Kathryn C Fitzgerald; Olwen C Murphy; Jeffrey Lambe; James Nguyen; Julia Button; Esther Ogbuokiri; Ciprian M Crainiceanu; Jerry L Prince; Peter A Calabresi; Shiv Saidha Journal: Ann Neurol Date: 2020-04-28 Impact factor: 10.422