Juan Angel Patiño Galindo1, Manoli Torres-Puente1, Concepción Gimeno2, Enrique Ortega3, David Navarro4, María José Galindo5, Laura Navarro6, Vicente Navarro6, Amparo Juan7, Josefina Belda8, María Alma Bracho1, Fernando González-Candelas9. 1. Unidad Mixta Infección y Salud FISABIO-Universidad de Valencia/Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Valencia, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Valencia, Spain. 2. Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General Universitario, Valencia, Spain; Dpto. Microbiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. 3. Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario, Valencia, Spain. 4. Dpto. Microbiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain. 5. Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain. 6. Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Manises, Manises, Spain. 7. Centro de Información y Prevención del SIDA, Valencia, Spain. 8. Centro de Información y Prevención del SIDA, Alicante, Spain. 9. Unidad Mixta Infección y Salud FISABIO-Universidad de Valencia/Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Valencia, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Valencia, Spain; Consorcio para la Investigación en VIH y SIDA de la Comunidad Valenciana, Spain. Electronic address: fernando.gonzalez@uv.es.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 CRF19_cpx, is a recombinant variant found almost exclusively in Cuba and recently associated to a faster AIDS onset. Infection with this variant leads to higher viral loads and levels of RANTES and CXCR4 co-receptor use. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to assess the presence of CRF19_cpx in the Spanish province of Valencia, given its high pathogenicity. STUDY DESIGN: 1294 HIV-1 protease-reverse transcriptase (PR/RT) sequences were obtained in Valencia (Spain), between 2005 and 2014. After subtyping, the detected CRF19_cpx sequences were aligned with 201 CRF19_cpx and 66 subtype D sequences retrieved from LANL, and subjected to maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analyses and Bayesian coalescent reconstructions. The presence of resistance mutations in the PR/RT region of these sequences was also analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 9 CRF19_cpx sequences from different patients found (prevalence <0.1%), 7 grouped in two well-supported clades (groups A, n=4, and B, n=3), suggesting the existence of at least two independent introductions which subsequently started to expand in the studied Spanish region. Unprotected sex between men was the only known transmission route. Coalescent analyses suggested that the introductions in Valencia occurred between 2008 and 2010. Resistance mutations in the RT region were found in all sequences from group A (V139D) and in two sequences from group B (E138A). CONCLUSIONS: This study reports for the first time the recent expansion of CRF19_cpx outside Cuba. Our results suggest that CRF19_cpx might become an emerging HIV variant in Spain, affecting Spanish native MSM and not only Cuban migrants.
BACKGROUND:HIV-1 CRF19_cpx, is a recombinant variant found almost exclusively in Cuba and recently associated to a faster AIDS onset. Infection with this variant leads to higher viral loads and levels of RANTES and CXCR4 co-receptor use. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to assess the presence of CRF19_cpx in the Spanish province of Valencia, given its high pathogenicity. STUDY DESIGN: 1294 HIV-1 protease-reverse transcriptase (PR/RT) sequences were obtained in Valencia (Spain), between 2005 and 2014. After subtyping, the detected CRF19_cpx sequences were aligned with 201 CRF19_cpx and 66 subtype D sequences retrieved from LANL, and subjected to maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analyses and Bayesian coalescent reconstructions. The presence of resistance mutations in the PR/RT region of these sequences was also analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 9 CRF19_cpx sequences from different patients found (prevalence <0.1%), 7 grouped in two well-supported clades (groups A, n=4, and B, n=3), suggesting the existence of at least two independent introductions which subsequently started to expand in the studied Spanish region. Unprotected sex between men was the only known transmission route. Coalescent analyses suggested that the introductions in Valencia occurred between 2008 and 2010. Resistance mutations in the RT region were found in all sequences from group A (V139D) and in two sequences from group B (E138A). CONCLUSIONS: This study reports for the first time the recent expansion of CRF19_cpx outside Cuba. Our results suggest that CRF19_cpx might become an emerging HIV variant in Spain, affecting Spanish native MSM and not only Cuban migrants.
Authors: Carmen M González-Domenech; Isabel Viciana; Luis Delaye; María Luisa Mayorga; Rosario Palacios; Javier de la Torre; Francisco Jarilla; Manuel Castaño; Alfonso Del Arco; Encarnación Clavijo; Jesús Santos Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-01-08 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Juan Ángel Patiño-Galindo; Manoli Torres-Puente; María Alma Bracho; Ignacio Alastrué; Amparo Juan; David Navarro; María José Galindo; Dolores Ocete; Enrique Ortega; Concepción Gimeno; Josefina Belda; Victoria Domínguez; Rosario Moreno; Fernando González-Candelas Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-09-14 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Santiago Pérez-Parra; Natalia Chueca; Marta Álvarez; Juan Pasquau; Mohamed Omar; Antonio Collado; David Vinuesa; Ana Belen Lozano; Gonzalo Yebra; Federico García Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-10-30 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Juan Ángel Patiño-Galindo; Manoli Torres-Puente; María Alma Bracho; Ignacio Alastrué; Amparo Juan; David Navarro; María José Galindo; Concepción Gimeno; Enrique Ortega; Fernando González-Candelas Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-02-02 Impact factor: 3.240